Dynamic Mechanism And Path Of Village Transformation

This paper argues that under the common impact of state, market and society mechanisms, the fate of villages in modernization flood, not only towards the end of this kind of trend. On the contrary, the comprehensive effect of adjustment in the role of economic change, social cultural restructuring and the transformation of village, is undergoing a complicated, from the agricultural community to the transformation of residential community. This means that, from the perspective of the dimensions of economic change, the village will be shifted from agricultural economic organizations to some uncertainty of community economic organization; From the perspective of social and cultural restructuring, the village will be geographic communities from the traditional to the modern functional community change; From the perspective of the readjustment of national character, the village will be from national grassroots governance unit to the national and social co-governance together.Village transformation means from a kind of organization form to another form of organization of the qualitative change. Research experience from developed countries rural transformation, select the appropriate research unit is very important. Rural countries such as Britain and America, by contrast, often as an "no-urban areas", even if it is a kind of cultural construction, or often "post-rural", it has obvious difference with our "village". So the first emphasizes the significance of the village as the basic research unit, emphasizing its as village community, administrative unit, inner meaning of the governing unit, in its theory research, clearly plays a substantial significance in daily life.The market mechanism and national mechanism, under the function of village economy generally appeared the change of "de-agricultural", in China's rural labor force non-agriculture, non-production of rural land and non-agricultural of agriculture, etc. In other words, with the separation of agriculture and village, the village is the agricultural "decentralization" and "post-agricultural" after developing trend, such as industrial village, consumer village, hollow village and all sorts of complex types such as seasonal village. More importantly,"de-agricultural" not only brought the village structure transformation, such as differentiation of farmers and village power structure, and lead to the transformation of the function of the village, such as living, from the production function gradually to the transition of the consumption function. Under this trend, the survival and development of domestic many agricultural village seems to have become a "counter-example".They still have a lot of energy to show the unique social coupling relationship between agriculture and village, to the route choice of village transformation provides a more positive side.Urbanization as the theme of modernization, its internal demand has two kinds: reduce or end village, marginalized village. Therefore, the village of modern fate is often placed in a weak development of channels, namely the village community of running the lack of resources and synchronous trend, namely village "de-community" development. From existing experience, weak village development needs the government play a more active role, resulting in a village renewal. As for our country in recent years, the rise of the rural community construction, means that countries admit the necessity of the village, and in the strategic level and at the same time the village organization as a political unit, is the foundation of the countries to provide public services and basis, and emphasize its sense, in the community play an important role in social integration. At the same time, Merging villages, public service to the countryside, develop the rural tourism and the construction of community of practice can really push the relationship of nation-village,city-village friedly, it needs to be on the strategy review.The lack of village public goods supplies, the village social disorder of the development of village governance crisis, mainly appears as the declining ability of the state power control over rural society. At the same time, we noticed that the governance crisis and the village of marketization, urbanization is almost synchronization, focused on the land, the agricultural tax, the new rural construction and other major institutional change. Trends in the transformation of village governance is characterized by farmers, the adjustment of production strategy, community organization the weakening of social control, strength the compromise between state and society, and the rise of the middle peasants. In short, the readjustment of relation between nation and village, means that the village is gradually from the transformation of autonomous community to co-governance community, and all this, in addition to the common role of state system and the village social restructuring, also benefit from the emerging of the new village movement.Village transformation, as it were, the dynamic mechanism of both the economy and the change of market factors, also have the power of the social and cultural reconstruction, also has the role to adjust the role of, is a comprehensive mechanism. And, on the way of transformation of village choice, will appear the possibility of diversification, both the "de-agricultural", also has the transformation of "re-agricultural"; There are both "de-community" and "community reengineering" transformation; Both governance crisis occurred, but also the existence of the new village movement of reverse power protection, these all can was detected, can was captured in the process of transformation of Chinese village.