Research On The Development And Cultivation Of Civic Awareness In Modern Progressive Newspapers And Journals In China

The cultivation of citizen consciousness is an important part of Ideological and political education in China.In a sense,citizenship consciousness is also an important part of a country's political culture and the construction of the rule of law.The report of the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward: "Strengthening citizen consciousness,educating and establishing socialist democratic and legal system,freedom and equality,fairness and justice concept." This is the first time that the term "civic consciousness" has been written into the Party's report.On August 24,2015,General Secretary Xi Jinping made it clear in his speech at the Tibet Work Symposium that "people's national consciousness,citizenship consciousness and Chinese national consciousness should be established".Leaders of the Party and the state hope to strengthen the cohesion and centripetal force of all nationalities and strata and strengthen the belief in Marxism by building up civic awareness.This not only reflects the development of civic consciousness in China since the reform and opening up,but also shows the more expectations of the Communist Party of China for civic consciousness.It shows that the Party and the state have more expectations for the discovery of civic consciousness,and also points out the direction of civic consciousness education in the study of Ideological and political education.At present,the research on the development process of civic consciousness is mainly from the perspective of history and politics.There are few achievements in the study of the development process of early civic consciousness in China from the perspective of Ideological and political education.Based on Marxist theory of human science and Marxist consciousness,this paper uses the methods of Marxist historical analysis,text analysis and interdisciplinary research.Taking newspapers and periodicals as clues,this paper combs the whole process of the emergence,development and dissemination of early civic consciousness in China,and the important role of Marxists and Marxist thought in the development of civic consciousness.In terms of structure and content,the main body of the paper can be summarized as the following parts.The first part is how the Western civic consciousness was introduced into China.This part takes the emergence and development of missionary newspapers as a clue to sort out the time and path of Western Civic Consciousness entering our country.Then,through the study of local newspapers and periodicals,this paper analyses the influence of Western Civic Consciousness on local intellectuals,and the transformation and dissemination of Western Civic ideology by local intellectuals.The second part is about how the civic consciousness developed and spread after the May 4th Movement.This part also takes newspapers and periodicals as clues,through the analysis of vernacular newspapers,newspapers and periodicals in the Republic of China and newspapers in the period of the Anti-Japanese War,outlines the plurality of the early civic consciousness,and presents the development process of the civic right consciousness and the civic consciousness,as well as the influence of the special historical period such as the Anti-Japanese War on the development of the civic consciousness.The third part is how the civic consciousness and class consciousness are integrated.Through the textual expression of citizen shaping movement in newspapers and periodicals in base areas such as Liberation Daily,it is found that in the process of publicizing citizen image,the class consciousness and class identity of ordinary people are substantially strengthened.Moreover,with the continuous strengthening of class consciousness and political consciousness,the integration of "citizens" and "people" will eventually be achieved.To sum up,the core conclusions of this paper include the following four aspects.Firstly,the research on the development of civic consciousness enriches and expands the Marxist theory of human studies.Through sorting out the early civic consciousness,this paper proves that the CPC has always attached great importance to people's concern and care in its development process with various historical examples.It provides support for the humanistic transformation of contemporary ideological and political education paradigm.At the same time,it further proves that the cultivation of civic consciousness is a branch of Marxist anthropology.Secondly,the research on the development of civic consciousness has brought some enlightenment to the ideological and political education.Ideological and political education needs to take the road of development with Chinese characteristics.Just like the development path of early Chinese citizenship consciousness,it is often difficult to copy the existing experience of the West because of different national conditions,different social environments and different historical traditions.We should clarify the dynamic process of Ideological and political education,and learn to implement ideological and political education with the help of social environment,historical traditions and even emergencies.We should also learn to make use of the transformational relationship between educators and educatees to improve the effect of Ideological and political education.Thirdly,class consciousness should become an integral part of the study of Chinese citizenship consciousness.On the theoretical level,Mao Zedong's thought of "human rights endowed by human beings" corrected the loopholes and shortcomings of the theory of "human rights endowed by human beings" from the perspective of class;on the practical level,the "citizen-shaping movement" launched by Liberation Daily in Yan'an successfully superimposed class consciousness on the concept of citizenship through a series of system construction,organization construction and public opinion propaganda.At the same time,with the help of the "citizen" effect,it substantially promoted the wide spread of class consciousness among the people in the base areas,and laid a good mass foundation for the establishment of class concept throughout the country in the future.It can be seen that the integration of class consciousness and public awareness is not a "sudden fantasy" nor a "castle in the air".There is not only a theoretical link between the two,but also a successful practical experience.Therefore,class consciousness should be included in the vision of the study of Chinese citizenship consciousness.Fourthly,newspapers and periodicals are not only the recorders but also the participants in the development of modern citizenship consciousness in China.Newspapers and periodicals played an extremely important role in promoting the development of civic consciousness in the early stage of our country.Missionaries' newspapers,reformation newspapers,vernacular newspapers,bourgeois newspapers,Marxist newspapers,and base newspapers all play an important role in the development of Chinese citizenship consciousness.Newspapers and periodicals played a very important role in the enlightenment,propaganda and promotion of early civic consciousness.This paper may be innovative in the following two aspects.Firstly,this paper may be innovative in research methods.Based on the analysis of the historical materials of newspapers and periodicals,this paper tries to present the development of Chinese citizenship through the historical materials of newspapers and periodicals.At present,although the research on Chinese citizenship consciousness will use the historical materials of newspapers and periodicals to varying degrees,few scholars seem to sort out the development process of Chinese citizenship consciousness through the historical materials of newspapers and periodicals.Therefore,in the process of studying the development of civic consciousness,the selection,collation and analysis of a large number of historical materials of newspapers and periodicals is an innovative point of this paper.Secondly,this paper may be innovative in research content.There are two tendencies in the study of Chinese citizenship.One tendency is to regard civic consciousness as a kind of forbidden zone and not to study it.Another tendency is to directly apply the Western concept of civic consciousness to Chinese practice.Both of these tendencies affect the normal development of the study of Chinese citizenship consciousness.This paper tries to eliminate the influence of these two tendencies,and from the perspective of Marxist and ideological and political education,inspects the development and cultivation of civic consciousness.