Research On The Influence Of Labor Market Segmentation On The Employment Of Floating Population In Shanghai

Domestic academic research on labor market segmentation and migrant population employment is mostly at the macro level.It discusses the institutional segmentation,verifies the segmentation pattern and the employment status of the floating population,and lacks an in-depth analysis and internal Mechanism discussion of the labor market segmentation and the employment relationshipof the floating population.Especially,the labor market of our country is vast,and the differencebetween the regional labor marketis obvious.The labor market structure,market competition level,market segmentation status of megacities has obvious differences with small and medium-sized cities.Therefore,taking Shanghai as an example,this paper discusses the impact oflabor market segmentation on the employment of floating population and internal mechanism,which is more specific,typical and theoretical.The essence of the interaction between the floating population and the labor market is the issue of fairness,that is,whether the migrants face hidden barriers when they enter the labor market,whether they have obtained fair income after employment,and whether they are free to move.On the one hand,this relationship is implicit,unobservable and measurable for access and occupational mobility,and on the other hand is explicit,easy to observe and measure income segmentation.This paper focuses on the interaction and segmentation mechanism between labor market segmentation and migrant population employment,which not only reflects the employment orientation of improving the employment situation of migrants,improving the employment ability of migrants and employment income,but alsohas important practical significance to improve the efficiency of Shanghai labor market,improve the structure of Shanghai labor forceand promote Shanghai's socialeconomic developmentBased on Shanghai's 2017 employment registration and insurance database,the paper randomly selected 5% according to the source of household registration,and formed more than 400,000 laborer individual sample data as the main research data,supplemented by the 2010 China Population Census and other Macro research date such as Shanghai Statistical Yearbook,China Statistical Yearbook,China Population Development Report and China Education Funding Statistical Yearbook.The paper focuses on whether the floating population is affected by the division of the labor market? What are the factors that divide the floating population and what is the shape?What is the internal mechanism for the employment of migrants to be divided by the labor market? Therefore,the Kuznets index,second-order cluster analysis,wage difference model,equilibrium wage theory,game theory model and other methods are used for research in this paper.The specific chapters of the paper are arranged as follows: Chapter 1Introduction.The research background meaning,research objectives,methods and content framework are explained.Through the literature review at home and abroad,the research context and segmentation factors of migrant population employment and labor market segmentation are sorted out.The second chapter is related concepts and theoretical foundations.The focus is on the definition of the floating population,employment,labor market and labor market segmentation.The theory focuses on the theory of labor market segmentation,human capital theory and game theory.The first two chapters provide theoretical support for the logical architecture and measurement model variable screening.The third chapter analyzes the current situation of the employment of floating population.This chapter makes a perceptual analysis of the labor market segmentation in which the floating populationis employed.The fourth chapter is the measurement and verification of the labor market segmentation.The second-order clustering analysis method is used to verify whether the labor market in which the floating population is employed is divided and presented.The fifth chapter analyzes the factors of labor market segmentation in the employment of floating population.This chapter makes an in-depth analysis of the labor market segmentation caused by urban and rural factors,external factors,industry factors,ownership factors and human capital factorsand initially shows the pattern of the employment of migrants affected by various types of segmentation factors,and explores the characteristicsof segmentation factorsand the initial reasonclosely related to the floating population.The sixth chapter is the analysis of the labor market segmentation mechanism in the employment of floating population.Under the framework of game theory,the internal roots and mechanism of the floating population divided by the labor market are analyzed.The seventh chapter is the optimization path of labor market segmentation in the employment of floating populationwhichanalyzes and proposes optimization strategies for institutional obstacles,human capital levels,laws and regulations,employment services and rights protection.The last chapter is the conclusion and outlook of the full textwhich summarizes the basic conclusions of the core chapters and empirical analysis,andpoints out the shortcomings and research directions of the paper.Through analysis and argumentation,the paper mainly finds the following:1.The geographical effect of the floating population,employment space and industry agglomeration attributes are obvious.Shanghai's floating population mainly comes from provinces such as Anhui,Jiangsu and Henan,and the geographical effect of population mobility is obvious.The employment space of the floating population is characterized by near-suburbanization.The employment sector of the floating population is highly concentrated in labor-intensive industries such as construction,wholesale and retail,manufacturing,leasing and business services.2.The floating population is affected by the multiple cross-segmentation of the labor market.Compared with the national and other regional labor markets,Shanghai's labor market segmentation pattern has a strong specifieness.It is neither a single urban-rural division nor a single segementation between locality and foloating labourer,it is actually a multi-segementation.Education level,household registration,urban and rural areas,and ownership are the important constituent elements.And the industry is an important component of the division of "diversity." The superposition of the various elements of the division affects the segmentation pattern of the labor market,and the mechanism of the employment of the floating population is further complicated by the division of the labor market.3.The level of human capital of the floating population has become an important factor in intensifying the division of “external”,“urban and rural” and “industry”.The educational level of the floating population has an important impact on the performance of the labor market.The disadvantage of the floating population in terms of education level is an important and deep reason for its segmentation by the labor market.The mechanism of the current segmentation of the floating population can be explained as the difference in human capital levels.Social,institutional and market factors exacerbate the segmentation of the floating population in the labor market.4.The floating population of different human capital is different by the degree and dimension of the labor market segmentation.The floating population with low human capital level faces multiple divisions in labor market access,employment opportunities and income.The floating population with high human capital has a considerable competitive advantage,breaking the access segmentation of the labor market,but the income of workers below the same level of education,the same industry and the same property'senterprise,it is still unable to get rid of the lack of social capital and society.The disadvantage of weakening relations has a split effect on employment opportunities and job promotion.5.The segmentation of the floating population is the result of a game of behavior between government,business and individuals.Local governments lack the enthusiasm to provide public services for the employmentof floating population,and only provide some basic public services after bargaining with the central government.The government's employment subsidy policy has changed corporate recruitment preferences,reduced or squeezed employment opportunities for some low-capital capital migrants,and formed anentry segmentation.Enterprises use business outsourcing instead of labor dispatch,and are reluctant to sign long-term labor contracts or non-fixed-term labor contracts with migrants with low human capital levels.The company expects that the working population of the floating population has low stability,which will reduce the investment of employees' training,or deduct some of the costs from the wages paid which makes the wages paid lower than the expectations of the floating population andleads to the frequent movement of the floating population and falls into the “prisoner's dilemma” which increase the instability of the employment of migrants and the weakness of income.