Research On The Compilation Method Of Overall Land Use Planning In Northeast China

The overall land use planning is an important means at the current stage for allocating land resources,implementing the land management system,realizing the country's macro development strategy,and achieving sustainable development.After decades of reform,it has gradually developed a systematic land use planning system.The cross-administrative regional land use planning is an important part of the current planning system.Because of the characteristics of its planning and preparation across administrative regions,it is possible to realize the differential utilization of land and the coordinated utilization of land.In recent years,the cross-administrative regional land use planning has been greatly developed in both policy and practice cases,such as the planning of the land use of Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration,the land use planning of the open development zone along the river in Jiujiang,and the overall planning of the coordinated land use planning in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.Its importance is becoming increasingly prominent.The Northeastern China(Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning),as an important grain production area and old industrial base,has successfully completed the task of ensuring national food security in the past ten years.At the same time,however,the Northeast China has many problems in the social and economic development and the protection of the ecological environment.There are a series of problems,such as weak economic growth.unbalanced regional economic development,industrial recession,exhaustion of resources,and deterioration of ecological environment.In October 2017,the Nineteenth National Congress proposed that "deepening reform and accelerating the revitalization of old industrial bases such as Northeast China".The implementation of the strategy for the revitalization of Northeast China has entered a new phase.Under this background,the revitalization of the Northeast China has proposed a brand new approach to land use planning and management in the Northeast China,and how to promote regional coordination and sustainable utilization of land resources through planning is imminent.Therefore,how to build a scientific and reasonable cross-administrative regional land use planning,to promote regional land resources in Northeast China,to realize the difference utilization and regional coordination,to ensure the national food security,to protect the regional ecological environment and to promote the rapid development of regional economic development harmoniously and unifying.It becomes very important.The relevant studies of the overall land use planning s mainly focused on the construction of an evaluation index system to evaluate the current planning scheme,or to analyze and discuss how to achieve "multiple regulation integration." To a certain extent,it neglects the research on the preparation of ideas and methods for cross-administrative regional land use planning.As the important areas for ensuring national food security,the main grain producing areas have certain differences and uniqueness in their land use characteristics and existing problems.However,the current practical cases of cross-administrative regional land use planning are mainly concentrated in the economically advanced areas,and less attention is paid to the main grain producing areas.In view of this,this study aims to realize the coordination and unification of the three basic needs of land use "food security,ecological security and economic development".Based on the relevant basic theories of the overall land use planning,firstly,analyzes the development process of the cross-administrative regional land use overall planning,and constructs the theoretical framework for the preparation of the cross-administrative regional overall land use planning.Secondly,based on the evaluation results of the overall planning implementation of the current land use in Northeast China,and the analysis of the land use change and the ecological environment effect based on the three living space,the overall planning index system of the land use in Northeast China is constructed.Then,the comprehensive zoning plan of land use is used as the regional division plan,which is determined by the three dimensional area evaluation index system of "background-current status-potential",and the regulation strategy of various planning indexes in different regions is determined according to the differential land development strategy.Finally,we selected the agricultural and animal husbandry grain production areas in the northern of Songnen Plain to study the optimization of land use structure,and verified the scientificity and feasibility of the construction of cross-administrative regional land use planning.The study can provide reference for the cross-administrative regional land use planning in other major grain production areas in China.The results of the study are as follows:(1)According to the relevant theoretical basis for planning,the concept of preparation of the cross-administrative regional land use planning is determined as follows:Based on the comprehensive division of land use and the overall land use planning indicator system,develop different regional development directions and land use development strategies for different types of zoning,get differentiated land use structure and spatial layout adjustment and optimization solutions,through the optimization of the overall land resource allocation in the region,the overall regional "ecological security,food security,and economic development" will be harmonized.(2)The current overall land use planning in Northeast China(2006-2020)scored only 79.52 in 2015 and the rating was "general".The overall implementation effect of planning was at a general level.The implementation and preparation of the plan have achieved certain results,including better completion of the protection objectives of cultivated land and basic farmland,improved land development and utilization,and achieved good social and economic benefits.However,there are many problems,such as the contradiction between the realistic demand of construction land and the planning control index,the low level of land saving and intensive land use,the insufficient attention to the ecological benefits of land use planning,and the social awareness of the planning need to be strengthened urgently.(3)From 1995 to 2015,the regional eco-environmental quality index in the Northeast China declined from 0.581 to 0.575,and the overall ecological environment quality of the Northeast China continued to deteriorate.The land-use change in Northeast China is mainly manifested in the continuous increase in production land,the continuous decrease of ecological land,and the continuous increase of living land,which has been slowing down in the early stage.The spatial pattern of the three living space is basically the same,and the spatial distribution of various functional lands shows more obvious regional differences and imbalances.During the study period,the relatively developed regional pattern of Liaoning Province,Jilin Province,and Heilongjiang Province still existed,and it eased somewhat in the later period of the study.(4)Based on the analysis of land use change and its eco-environmental effects based on the "three-life space",the overall land use planning index system for Northeast China was constructed.There are 18 indexes in total.Among them,the 12 indexes in the current planning indicator system are retained.The basic farmland protection area,forest land area,and total construction land size in the current indicator system were adjusted to the permanent basic farmland protection area,forest coverage rate,and land use development intensity.Three new indexes were added,including the area of water area,the proportion of ecological land,and the area of land used for the construction of unit GDP.The new index system not only clearly reflects the aspects of land development,utilization,protection,and remediation,but also clearly reflects the development,utilization,protection and consolidation of land.(5)The three-dimensional zoning evaluation index system for the construction of land use "background-status-potential" can clearly reflect the natural background conditions,development status and future development potential characteristics of land use in the main grain producing areas.The selection of indicators related to land development potential should not only reflect economic benefits,but also reflect consideration social and ecological benefits,and comprehensively reflect the potential development potential of land resources in achieving economic,social,and ecological benefits.(6)The Northeast China can be divided into 3 types and a total of 12 zoning.There are obvious regional differences in land use conditions,development levels,and development potentials among the regions,and the trend is gradually increasing from north to south.The economic development zone is the central area of the social and economic development in Northeast China.The overall level of land use is high.The adjustment strategy of the planning index should be to increase the area of the construction land and the woodland,and reduce the area of the cultivated land.The grain production area is the concentrated area of agricultural production.The adjustment strategy of the planning index should be to increase the area of the construction land,reduce the area of the cultivated land and increase the area of the woodland moderately.The forest agricultural ecological area is the key area of ecological environment protection,and the overall level of land use is low.The adjustment strategy of the planning index should be to increase the area of the woodland moderately,maintain the stability of cultivated land area,and strictly control the total scale of the construction land.(7)Under the constraints of the overall land use planning index system in Northeast China,the land use structure optimization scheme of agricultural and pastoral land use areas in the northern Songnen Plain in 2020 was obtained by using the multi-objective planning method.The ratio of agricultural land,construction land,and unused land to total land area was 87.51%,6.14%,and 6.35%,respectively.The economic,social,ecological and comprehensive benefits of the optimized scheme are 230 billion 397 million yuan,52 billion 684 million yuan,48 billion 717 million yuan and 331 billion 798 million yuan respectively.The optimization scheme is better than the current plan.The optimization scheme has better realized the overall land use development strategy of grain production area "First,meet the basic needs of ensuring food security,secondly,meet the needs of ecological security and coordinate the needs of economic development".This study constructed a theoretical framework for the preparation of a cross-administrative regional land use master plan,and constructed a land-use planning index system and a comprehensive land-use zoning plan for the Northeast China,and constructed a land-use scenario analysis framework based on different types of zoning.Finally,a differential land use structure optimization program was obtained,which verified the scientific and feasibility of the theoretical framework.The results show that,as a supplement to the current overall land use planning,through the preparation of a cross-administrative regional land use planning.In the regional(city,county)level,the three basic needs of different types of regions are focused on different types of "food security","ecological security" and "economic development".The regional(national,provincial)level will eventually achieve the three basic needs of "food security","ecological security" and "economic development",it is a feasible idea.