Research On The Mechanism And Promotion Strategy Of FDI Enterprises' Environmental Innovation Performance

Many FDI enterprises investment bodies are multinational corporations,thus FDI enterprises usually have advanced environmental technology and environmental management practice.However,many FDI enterprises do not play demonstrating effect and driving effect which expected to be and carry out different environment standards from parent company.Nowadays,how to make the best of technology and practice of FDI enterprise to carry out environment standard higher than host country,obtain high level environmental innovation performance,and push forward the study and innovation of local enterprises,thus coordinate development of economic growth and ecological environment protection is an important realistic problem of the theoretical and industrial fields.Based on the consistency of the theory for general enterprises and the particularity of FDI enterprises,this paper studied the path of institutional pressures on the environmental innovation performance of FDI enterprises from the perspective of contingency theory and the perspective of new institutionalism theory,stakeholder theory and natural resource-based view.It is clear that FDI enterprises could response to institutional pressures and create environmental innovation performance through environmental innovation behavior.It could provide practical guidance for the host government to change from environmental protection forced mechanism to incentive mechanism.At the same time,it could also provide policy recommendations for promoting the green development of medium level industries through environmental innovation at the micro level of enterprises.The specific research contents were as follows: firstly,this paper verified the impact of regulatory pressure and normative pressure on environmental innovation behavior,and the impact of environmental innovation behavior on innovation performance;secondly,it studied the process effect of environmental innovation behavior,and combined external situation elements culture cognition pressure and internal state elements of FDI enterprises;Thirdly,on the basis of the empirical research results,the evolutionary game model was constructed and the system dynamics simulation analysis was carried out,and the evolution law of FDI enterprises' environmental innovation was studied dynamically from the perspective of environmental innovation behavior,This paper fully analyzed the evolution path of the three stakeholders' strategic choice under the evolutionary game,and the influence of the main external variables on the strategy evolution of FDI enterprises;Finally,combined with the results of static and dynamic research,this paper gave some suggestions to encourage FDI enterprises to implement environmental innovation behavior.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,the environmental innovation behavior of FDI enterprises not only realized the win-win situation of protecting the ecological environment and gaining competitive advantages,but also produced significant environmental innovation spillover performance in China,and played its demonstration effect and leading effect.Moreover,the higher the level of environmental innovation of FDI enterprises,the better the promotion effect of environmental performance on enterprise economic performance,it helped the Chinese government to transform the environmental protection forced mechanism into an incentive mechanism in nature.Specifically,under the influence of regulatory pressure and normative pressure,FDI enterprises could obtain higher level of environmental innovation performance through three different forms of environmental innovation behavior,namely,strategic innovation,technological innovation and environmental management innovation,thus produced“innovation compensation effect” and the mediating effects of the three innovation behaviors had no significant difference.However,under the influence of regulatory and normative pressure,the operated innovation behavior had not played a significant role in the process.Therefore,FDI enterprises needed to pay attention to the innovation of multi-level environmental behavior,not only technological innovation.The Chinese government needed to help FDI enterprises fully realize the benefits of environmental innovation,especially the potential benefits,so that their environmental innovation behaviors could have significant comparative advantages.It could be seen from the dynamic simulation of the evolution process of FDI enterprises that the variables really determine the evolution path were still cost and benefit,and benefit and cost were the footholds for FDI enterprises to implement environmental innovation behaviors.Secondly,the regulatory pressure from the Chinese government not only had a significant role in promoting FDI enterprises to implement environmental innovation behavior,but also promoted FDI enterprises' parent company to carry out integrated cross-border environmental management.Among them,the effect of compulsory tool was more obvious than that of market-oriented tool.Specifically,among the mandatory tools,the stronger the Chinese government's environmental regulation and the more punishments on the bad environmental behaviors,the faster the evolution rate of FDI enterprises to a benign state of environmental innovation behavior;the greater the incentive for FDI enterprises to carry out environmental innovation in market-oriented tools,the faster the evolution rate of FDI enterprises to benign environmental innovation behavior.Therefore,the Chinese government should make systematic and rational use of environmental regulation means.In addition to continuing to use strict mandatory tools,the Chinese government also needed to increase the use of market-oriented regulatory tool to enhance the enthusiasm of FDI enterprises to actively carry out environmental innovation.Thirdly,China had not yet established an effective incentive mechanism to promote the environmental innovation behavior of enterprises in the production link by green behavior of consumption and public participation behavior.Under the normative pressure,the cross-border environmental management of the parent company and the green consumption demand of the international market had a significant positive impact on the implementation of environmental innovation behavior of FDI enterprises.Moreover,the stronger the integration of cross-border environmental management of the parent company was,the greater the intensity of green consumption demand would be,which would accelerate the evolution rate of FDI enterprises to a benign state of environmental innovation behavior.However,the green consumption demand and public participation in the Chinese market had not significantly promoted the environmental innovation behavior of FDI enterprises.However,the current level of environmental management was still not enough to help enterprises effectively transform environmental performance into economic performance.Therefore,the parent company needed to strengthen its cross-border environmental management.The Chinese government needed to establish a positive and critical market demand environment and improve the effective public participation in environmental governance mechanism.Fourthly,as the internal driving force of environmental innovation,the mediating effect of environmental innovation behavior of FDI enterprises was more moderated by the green culture orientation of Chinese society,and the phenomenon of“localization” was obvious.In the cultural cognitive pressure,the parent company's social green culture orientation only positively moderated the relationship between normative pressure and environmental innovation behavior,and had no significant conditional effect on the relationship between regulatory pressure and environmental innovation behavior,and mediating effect of environmental innovation behavior under both regulatory and normative institutional pressures.The green culture orientation of China played a significant positive role in the four paths.As the main body of green culture imitation mechanism and diffusion mechanism,competitors' green orientation could play a positive regulatory effect in the other three paths except mediating effect of environmental innovation behavior under regulatory pressure.Moreover,the higher the intensity of green competition,the faster the evolution rate of FDI enterprises to benign environmental innovation behavior.Therefore,the Chinese government should help give full play to the leading role of green culture in the whole society,and establish a fair and effective market competition environment.Fifthly,in addition to the influence of external factors,the internal state of FDI enterprises played different conditional effects.The economic resources of enterprises only positively moderated the impact of normative pressure on environmental innovation behavior and the mediating effect of environmental innovation behavior,but the moderating effect was not significant under regulatory pressure;the social environmental responsibility of FDI enterprises could positively moderate the impact of environmental innovation behavior on innovation performance no matter under regulatory pressure or normative pressure;environmental innovation of FDI enterprises themselves capacity played the most significant role: both the impact of two institutional pressures on environmental innovation behavior and the mediating effect of environmental innovation behavior were positively moderated by environmental innovation ability.Therefore,FDI enterprises should strengthen their social environmental responsibility and further improve their environmental innovation ability.