| With the deepening of economic globalization,the economic and trade relations between various countries in the world are becoming closer and closer,and the international market competition is becoming more and more intense.In addition to fierce competition among transnational enterprises entering the domestic market,Chinese enterprises also have to face more fierce global competition in the international market.Since the global financial crisis in 2008,the international political and economic situation has undergone drastic changes,and the global economic uncertainty has continuously intensified.Chinese enterprises are also facing tremendous pressure for survival.Therefore,Chinese enterprises need rich natural resources,advanced science and technology and broad international market to reshape their core competitive advantages.At present,Chinese enterprises are widely involved in international operation,which can create more market space for enterprises,provide new development opportunities for domestic technological progress and economic transformation,and ultimately help domestic economy to share the dividend of economic globalization to the greatest extent.It can be seen that whether Chinese enterprises can achieve internationalization and improve the degree of internationalization of enterprises are closely related to the further development of Chinese economy.At present,the Chinese government actively implement the "introduction" and "going out" closely with two-way investment strategy,and actively introduce advanced foreign technology,adequate capital,high-end talent to promote China's enterprise technical progress,learning the international advanced management experience,improve enterprise international competitiveness,so as to fully release the potential of comparative advantage of China's economy,promoting regional economic growth.Although the entry of a large number of foreign-funded enterprises intensifies the competition in the domestic market,the large number of foreign-funded enterprises also creates a precondition for China's OFDI enterprises to gather at the urban level.In addition,the spatial agglomeration of China's OFDI enterprises can improve the possibility of embedding external network resources,thus creating favorable conditions for them to occupy a favorable external network position,obtain international market knowledge indirectly,upgrade their own research and development capabilities,and improve their internationalization performance.There is lack of international experience,for the majority of its own research and development ability is insufficient and does not have a specific enterprise competitive advantage of Chinese enterprises,specialization degree of cultivating enterprise competitiveness from the agglomeration economy,actively embedded external network resources,occupy the network position,indirect absorb international market knowledge,rely on the external network cooperation developing complex technology has become the Chinese enterprises to achieve a high level of enterprise internationalization path.For this reason,this paper mainly discusses three issues from the perspective of micro enterprises.First,the existence and driving factors of spatial agglomeration of China's OFDI corporate parent company at the urban level;Second,how the spatial agglomeration of enterprises and their internal knowledge structure affect the behavior of enterprises to embed external network resources;Thirdly,to what extent can enterprises' internationalization performance be affected by different network structure positions they occupy after embedding external network resources? By studying the above three problems will explain the developing countries in the absence of a specific enterprise competitive advantage under the limit of how to use indirect external network resources to achieve a high level of enterprise internationalization provides a new research perspective and empirical evidence,at the same time for Chinese enterprises to better integrate into the global value chain,integrating global resources,promote enterprise's international competitiveness provide policy support.This paper is innovatively based on micro-enterprise level data,Combining the theory of enterprise knowledge structure,basic resource theory,social network theory,embedding theory,relationship strength theory,social capital theory,structural hole theory and enterprise internationalization theory in strategic management research paradigm "S-C-P" framework using the whole complex network analysis and exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA),first of all,this paper discusses the Chinese Foreign Direct Investment,Outward Foreign Direct Investment)OFDI enterprise within the territory of the People's Republic of China administrative level spatial agglomeration spatial distribution characteristics of the facts and the existence question,In China's OFDI enterprises exist on the basis of the spatial agglomeration of city level,further reveals the Chinese OFDI enterprise within the territory of the People's Republic of China administrative level to form the internal mechanism of spatial agglomeration phenomenon,has been clear about the cities in China between foreign direct investment development gap,as well as China's OFDI enterprises in the formation mechanism of urban spatial agglomeration level;Secondly,this article will enterprise agglomeration degree level in the city as the enterprise external environment structure variables and the enterprise internal knowledge heterogeneity structure as well as enterprise internal structure variables included in the field of strategic management research paradigm "S-C-P",reveals the spatial agglomeration and its knowledge structure is how to influence China's OFDI enterprise network embedded in its equity investment behavior mechanism of action;Finally,based on China's OFDI enterprises build up based on common shareholders' equity investment network embedded behavior relationship network's overall international equity investment,and calculate the sample embedded in the overall network structure indexes,namely degree center,close to the center,middle center degrees respectively to study the enterprise in the network contact,indirect contact and structure of hole position embedded network structure variables how to affect the internationalization of the enterprise performance.So far,through the above series of empirical studies with internal tight logical relations,this paper fully reveals the dynamic process of China's OFDI enterprises' internationalization by occupying advantageous network nodes and relying on external network resources.Specifically speaking,firstly,this paper measured the spatial distribution characteristics of 12,771 parent companies of China's OFDI enterprises in 282prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2015 by calculating global and local spatial autocorrelation indexes.In part,the parent company of China's OFDI has formed a "diamond-shaped" space agglomeration hotspot with Beijing,Shanghai,shenzhen and chengdu as the main cities.At the same time,through the empirical analysis of the driving factors of its spatial agglomeration at the urban level,it is found that the spatial agglomeration degree of China's OFDI enterprise parent company at the urban level is significantly positively correlated with urban innovation ability,urban market potential,urban service industry development level,urban opening level,location conditions and other factors.It is negatively correlated with urban labor cost and urban human resource development level.There is no significant relationship with the level of urban infrastructure development.Secondly,this paper studies the enterprise internal knowledge structure,degree of enterprise external space agglomeration degree of equity investment to the enterprise network embedded(behavior),the influence of parent reveals China's OFDI enterprises internal and external structure variables impact on the enterprise network embedded in the international equity investment mechanism,the study found that enterprise executive team education level and depth of technical knowledge does not significantly improve China's OFDI enterprise parent embedded network international equity investment;The degree of spatial agglomeration of the parent company of China's OFDI at the city level,the overseas working experience of the senior management team of the company,the breadth of technical knowledge of the company and the overseas market experience of the company will significantly promote its integration into the international equity investment network.Thirdly,based on the embedding behavior of China's OFDI equity investment network,an overall international equity investment network based on the relationship between common shareholders is constructed.The embedding index of the network structure of each sample enterprise in the overall network is calculated,and how the embedding of the network structure of an enterprise affects its internationalization performance is studied.This paper finds that degree centrality(direct connection)and intermediate centrality(structure hole location)of the parent company of China's OFDI in the network can significantly promote its internationalization performance.However,proximity to center(indirect connection)does not significantly promote its internationalization performance.Finally,according to the theoretical hypothesis and empirical results proposed in this paper,corresponding policy Suggestions are put forward for government agencies and enterprises,that is,government agencies should focus on improving the high-end driving capacity of urban fdi;We will optimize balanced development among regions and realize the transformation of China's outward foreign direct investment from a "mono-nuclear driven economy" to a "multi-polar economy".In the process of enterprise to go out,the government should continue to put the "attracting foreign investment" and "promoting foreign investment" combine to strengthen two-way investment strategy,provide the corresponding preferential policies for the enterprise internationalization,safeguard the foreign capital enterprise business environment,to expand opening to the outside world,actively attract high-quality talent to work in the local life at home and abroad promote local high-end labor pool;Enterprises should participate more in international cooperation,improve their international reputation,enhance the degree of technical knowledge specialization,optimize the knowledge structure of enterprises,and make full use of external network resources,so as to improve the performance of enterprise internationalization. |
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