Study On Driving Mechanism And Guiding Strategies Of Public Participation In The Collaborative Supervision Of China's Sharing Economy

Sharing economy,as a new economic form and business model,is a new trend to drive global economic growth in the future.However,in recent years,the rapid development of it has also brought many negative externalities,causing severe impact and damage to the original social economic order.In view of this,it is urgent for our government to bring the sharing economy into the supervision and governance system.Unfortunately,its nature of the separation between ownership and use right through Internet leads to the failure of the management-and-control supervision model based on traditional property rights,which causes the dilemma of social supervision and governance.Therefore,It is a necessary requirement for cooperative governance among government,enterprises and citizens.Public participation is the basic condition for the development of sharing economy and the realization of collaborative governance system.Thus,it is necessary to encourage the public to participate in the supervision of the sharing economy actively to improve the governance efficiency and build a co-construction and sharing governance pattern in our society.Based on the collaborative governance theory,responsive regulatory theory and coproduction theory,this dissertation takes shared bike services as cases.And we use a hybrid method of qualitative and quantitative research to conduct a theoretical analysis and an empirical research on the supervision problems faced by sharing economy in China from the perspective of citizens' participation.The main work and conclusions are as follows:(1)The current situation and problems of the cooperative supervision of sharing economy in China.Through a detailed study of the process of the co-governance of shared bikes in China,we find that the role of citizens in the cooperative governance has always been ignored.And cooperative governance is often simplified into a dual regulatory model between the government and enterprises in practice.Besides,the game analysis method is used to prove that the public should be a "co-producer" rather than a customer or representative.Public participation in supervision of sharing economy is an inevitable requirement to change the traditional government supervision mode and improve the governance efficiency.(2)Factors and mechanism influencing public participation in the collaborative supervision of sharing economy service.Public participation in cooperative supervision and governance is the basic connotation of coproduction.This paper divides the process of public participation in the coproduction into the initial stage and the continuous stage,and explores the influencing factors and driving mechanism of the public participation in the co-supervision of shared bikes in different stages.First,grounded theory method is adopted to explore the main influencing factors in coproduction of citizens,including social exchange factors(material incentives,intrinsic spiritual incentives,solidary incentives,expressive values incentives),socio-psychological factors(service identification,outcome expectation,self-efficacy),social environment factor(social trust),and rider's attributes(sex,age,education,income and usage rate).We also divide citizen's co-productive behavior into two dimensions from self-disciplined and disciplined levels including obeying service standards behavior and participation in maintenance behavior.On this foundation,the mechanism of driving the public to participate in shared bike service coproduction is further constructed.Then,this hypothesis model is further tested by questionnaire data.The results reveal that most of socio-psychological factors,social exchange factors and social environment factor will promote public's enthusiasm to participate in coproduction of shared bike service,but their influence mode and intensity varies significantly.When the public identify the value of bike sharing service,and consider owning the capability to participate in coproduction,they would be more actively involved in the supervision and governance of the sharing economy if they recognize their behaviors could meet their material,spiritual and normal value demands.Social trust plays a positive moderating role,helping to strengthen the psychological cognition of citizens,and promoting the transformation of social psychological factors and social exchange factors into actual coproduction behaviors.At last,coproduction activity is a multi-stage iterative process of "cognition-decision".Mobilizing the public's continuous participation enthusiasm play an important role in ensureing coproduction operating continuously and building a collaborative supervision system.Excepting for a direct effect of citizen's perceived value on their continuous behaviors of participating in the supervision of shared bikes,we also find the mediating effect of satisfaction on perceived value towards their continuous behaviors.Peer influence will also affect the public's value perception and satisfaction in ways of understanding,support and encouragement,so as to stimulate their continuous willingness of participation.Institutional environment,as an external factor,plays a moderating role for the effect of citizen's perceived value and satisfaction on their continuous behaviors.(3)Policy suggestions of the public participation in the collaborative supervision of sharing economy in China.This dissertation proposes corresponding suggestions from the perspective of ideological cognition,institutional construction,technological improvement and social trust.It is suggested to change traditional role orientation and cultivate the concept of public collaborative supervision.What's more,accelerating the construction of collaborative system to ensure the status of the public in collaborative supervision is also urgent.Besides,it is necessary to break the barriers of information technology to improve the ability of the public in collaborative supervision.Lastly,we need to optimize the social trust environment and stimulate the power of citizens in collaborative supervision.The originalities of this dissertation are reflected in the following aspects.First,this research studies negative externalities caused by sharing economy in China.We analyze the regulatory dilemma facing by collaborative supervision of the sharing economy,and put forward the corresponding policy suggestions.It enriches applied research of sharing economy and expands its research fields.Second,this research studies the supervision of China's sharing economy from the perspective of public participation in collaborative governance.We prove the important role of the public in collaborative supervision,and explore the main influencing factors and mechanism which help to build a multi collaborative supervision model.These finding provide a new idea to solve the supervision problems faced by China's sharing economy.Third,the mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research is adopted in this study.We use the grounded theory method to establish the theoretical model of driving the publics to participate in coproduction of sharing economy service,and further test the relevant hypotheses through empirical analysis,making the conclusions more rigorous and reliable.