Research On Rural Spatial Reconstruction Of Poverty-stricken Rural Areas In Southwest Yunnan Based On Spatial Production Theory

In February 2021,China declared a decisive victory in the battle against poverty.The problem of poverty that has plagued the Chinese nation for thousands of years has been solved in a historic way,and rural areas in poor areas have officially entered a new stage of development after being lifted out of poverty and revitalized.How to consolidate and expand the achievements of "Poverty Alleviation",continue to promote the work of "Rural Revitalization",and realize the logical connection,systematic coupling and coordinated development of the two strategies have become an important issue facing the rural development of poverty alleviation in the "post-poverty era".As a typical spatial unit of overall regional poverty alleviation in China,the poor villages in southwest Yunnan Province have experienced over 40 years of phased poverty alleviation,showing a remarkable pattern of rural spatial reconstruction.However,due to the task-oriented,shortcycle and economic characteristics of "poverty alleviation administrative embedding",while eliminating the historical root causes of spatial development,it also induces new spatial problems,and partly contains local risks of rural society,economy(livelihood)and cultural development,which become unstable or even negative factors for the transition from poverty alleviation to rural revitalization.How to properly manage the new space problems,eliminate negative external effects and potential risks,is related to whether the rural poverty alleviation in southwest Yunnan can achieve high-quality revitalization and sustainable development.Therefore,based on the theory of spatial production,this paper analyzes the spatial phenomena,characteristics and related problems of the poor rural areas in Southwest Yunnan in terms of the region,culture,characteristics of poverty and the rural spatial reconstruction phenomenon presented in the process of periodic poverty alleviation.Based on the cognitive study of it is rural poverty and anti-poverty practice for the last five years,this paper reviews the external environment,historical origin and initial characteristics of spatial production in poor rural areas in southwest Yunnan,and systematically analyzes the effect of rural spatial production mechanism transformation and spatial reconstruction practice.On this basis,the problems and risks of spatial reconstruction are identified,and then combined with the logic of rural spatial production for poverty alleviation,adaptive reconstruction strategies for "post-poverty alleviation era" are proposed.The research results are mainly divided into five parts.Part Ⅰ: The historical origin of spatial production of poor rural areas in Southwest Yunnan before the intervention of poverty alleviation behavior is systematically reviewed.Based on five years of cognitive research,extensive literature review and field investigation on the poor villages in Southwest Yunnan,this paper summarizes the basic environmental characteristics of the poor villages in Southwest Yunnan as follows: geographical margin,spatial isolation,three-dimensional vertical,economic primary,and multidimensional poverty interweaving pattern.The spatial production of poor rural areas in southwest Yunnan follows the historical mechanism of self-organization,adaptability,closure and stability.From the initial characteristics of the production-living space of the poor rural areas in southwest Yunnan before poverty alleviation,it is manifested as the micro image of "large dispersion,small settlement,humble type and low quality" of the rural productionliving space adapted to the specific historical culture and regional growth environment.Part Ⅱ: The spatial production transformation of poor rural areas in southwest Yunnan under the background of poverty alleviation is systematically discussed.This paper uses the embeddedness theory to explain the embeddedness effect of poverty alleviation behavior on spatial production in poor rural areas from three dimensions: subject embeddedness,institution embeddedness and power embeddedness.On this basis,the research finds that with the administrative embedding of periodic poverty alleviation behavior,multiple subjects such as government,enterprises,market and society participate in the production process of rural space.The self-organizing dynamic mechanism of traditional rural space production is broken,and turns into a kind of task-oriented,multi-subject,disciplined and open space practice mechanism under the absolute dominance of power.Part Ⅲ: This paper elaborates the practical results of rural spatial production from the analytical dimension of rural production-production space and the comprehensive correlation dimension of social space,and provides an empirical response to the interpretative framework of rural spatial production transformation.Based on the long-term monitoring and objective evaluation of the sample villages established by the research,it is found that the periodic "administrative embedding of poverty alleviation" promotes the reconstruction of production-production space in poor rural areas,which is characterized by scale,high quality and compound functions.Specifically,the morphological differentiation,spatial scale expansion and quality change of rural living space;Agglomeration,collectivized production and large-scale derivation of rural production space;The pattern restoration and the compound reconstruction of functions of rural ecological space.Part Ⅳ : The possible systemic problems and risk inducements of rural spatial production and reconstruction are prospectively identified and studied.Micro-scale space reconstruction has produced some new spatial problems like inadaptation,diseconomy and mismatch,such as economy,does not match the problem,such as the perceptual imbalance of rural spatial pattern,the functional disorder of public space,the dilution pattern of living space,the supply deprivation of cultural space,and the coupling deviation between rural revitalization goals and requirements,etc.These problems,through the socialization of spatial production,then generate and incubate the multi-dimensional development risks of society,livelihood and culture.Part Ⅴ: Combined with the rural construction practice in the past two years,this paper analyzes the characteristics of rural spatial production and transformation "from poverty alleviation to revitalization",and tries to construct the spatial practice logic of ascending cycle driven by three forces.On this basis,the paper puts forward the coordinated reconstruction strategy in "post-poverty alleviation era".On the one hand,we should implement healthy space diagnosis and treatment,promote intensive space supply,overcome the spatial trap of profit,and promote the micro quality improvement and balanced layout of rural production-living space;on the other hand,we should solid social governance structure,enhance the capacity of sustainable livelihoods,and adaptability to match the new stage of development were required by the organization,adaptability,open space,the quality of representation forms,ensuring high quality of the revitalization of rural poverty.