| As a pillar industry of the national economy,the construction industry is an essential driver of economic growth,social development and urbanisation.However,thorny issues such as lack of trust between stakeholders,opaque information,complex supply chain processes,payment delays and lack of accountability mechanisms are prevalent in the rapid development process,hindering project smooth implementation and effective delivery.Blockchain technology,with its functional advantages of decentralisation,non-tampering,traceability,transparency and fast transactions,is highly compatible with the bottlenecks that need to be broken through at the current stage of the construction industry and helps to solve the long-standing problems in the construction industry.Both the theoretical and practical communities have also found that construction enterprises applying blockchain technology to construction projects can reduce transaction costs,improve project management efficiency,and obtain new profit growth points.However,although blockchain technology has shown great potential in the construction industry,the degree of adoption and application by construction enterprises currently lags far behind that of other industries.Existing studies on the adoption of blockchain technology by construction enterprises is relatively limited,especially lacking research on antecedent,outcome,and dynamic evolutionary mechanisms.Therefore,clarifying the factors affecting the adoption of blockchain technology by construction enterprises,analysing the mechanism of blockchain technology to improve quality and efficiency,and exploring the corresponding promotion mechanism and effective countermeasures are the keys to cracking the current predicament of the low willingness of enterprises to adopt blockchain technology,lack of consensus on its value,and poor industrial ecology.Therefore,this study focuses on the blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises,focusing on the antecedents,results and dynamic evolution game,and tries to answer three core questions:(1)What are the factors influencing the blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises? How do these factors have an impact?(2)How does the blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises affect project performance? What are the specific paths of action?(3)What are the main stakeholders in promoting blockchain technology adoption? What is the evolutionary game mechanism? What are the effective countermeasures? To further explore the above questions,based on the technology adoption process theory,adaptive structure theory,relational governance theory and stakeholder theory,this study comprehensively uses qualitative and quantitative research methods to identify the key influencing factors,establish the correlation between the factors,and explore the corresponding mechanisms and group effects(Study 1);this study carries out theoretical analysis and empirical testing of the relationship between blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises and project performance(Study 2);and explore the dynamic evolutionary game mechanism of blockchain technology adoption behaviours from the stakeholder perspective(Study 3).The specific research work and conclusions are as follows:Study 1,based on relevant literature combing and theoretical analysis,an exploratory study was conducted using the programmed rooted theory method,and through coding and analysis of interview data,the key influencing factors of blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises were identified,and a theoretical model was constructed.The collected data were tested for reliability,multicollinearity and common method bias using the questionnaire survey method.The mechanism of the role of each influencing factor on the blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises was examined using the structural equation modelling(SEM)method,and then the fuzzy-set-based qualitative comparative analysis(fs QCA)method was introduced.The sample data were subjected to variable calibration,necessity conditions analysis,truth table construction and analysis,and finally obtained the antecedent group state path and passed the robustness test.The main conclusions: adoption intention,environmental regulatory pressure,perceived utility and convenience conditions directly affect blockchain technology adoption behavior of construction enterprises,and the degree of influence increases in order;social norms pressure,cost perception and self-efficacy indirectly affect blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises through blockchain technology adoption intention;organisational size significantly and positively moderates the relationship between blockchain technology adoption intention and blockchain technology adoption behavior of construction enterprises;blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises is affected by the joint interaction of multiple factors,and four combinations of conditions that lead to high blockchain technology adoption behaviour and two combinations of conditions that lead to non-high blockchain technology adoption behaviour are identified.Study 2,based on systematic combing of related literature,combined with the in-depth analysis of four typical project cases,the core research concepts are defined,the role mechanism between variables is elaborated,and the conceptual model of the role mechanism of blockchain technology adoption behaviour on project performance is constructed.Then,the main effect,mediating effect,moderating effect,and moderated mediating effect in the model were tested and analysed by conducting reliability and validity analysis,homoscedasticity bias analysis,descriptive statistics analysis,and multiple covariance test on the sample data,and by applying Structural Equation Modelling and Bootstrap method.Main conclusions: blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises has a significant positive effect on information sharing,integrated management and relationship quality;information sharing,integrated management,and relationship quality have a significant positive effect on project performance;information sharing,integrated management and relationship quality play different degrees of mediating roles in the relationship between blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises and project performance;environmental uncertainty plays a moderated mediating role in the relationship between blockchain technology adoption behaviour of construction enterprises and project performance.Study 3,based on the stakeholder theory and industry life cycle theory,a three-party evolutionary game model including government,owner and contractor is constructed,and the equilibrium conditions and evolutionary stabilisation strategies are solved for different scenarios.Then,a numerical simulation of multi-stage scenarios and key parameters was carried out using MATLAB to explore the influence of the initial willingness of each party on the evolution of the system and put forward the mechanism for promoting the development of blockchain technology under multi-stage scenarios.Main conclusions: the government plays different roles in different stages of the industrial life cycle;the strategies of stakeholders are influenced by the behaviour of other participating subjects;the initial willingness of stakeholders has a greater impact on the evolution of the system,among which the initial willingness of the government has a greater impact on the owner,and the initial willingness of the owner is capable of transforming the contractor’ evolutionary stable state;the government’s moderate subsidies and high penalties,the owner’s set rewards and penalties,and the positive externalities of blockchain technology all contribute to the evolution of the system towards the desired stable strategy.This study enriches the theories related to the analysis of the influencing factors of blockchain technology adoption behaviour,clarifies the complete causal chain from the organisational application of blockchain technology to the generation of results,provides a multi-scenario simulation for revealing the process of the evolution of blockchain technology adoption behaviour under the perspective of stakeholders,and provides theoretical support for facilitating the successful adoption and application of blockchain technology,and at the same time provides practical insights for the promotion and proliferation of blockchain technology in the construction market. |
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