Economic Analysis Of Land-integrated Development In High-speed Rail Station Area

After more than two decades of rapid development,the high-speed railway(HSR)of China has achieved brilliant achievements,which not only improves the traffic level of cities along the railway but also has become an effective way to promote urbanization and drive local economic development.However,with the construction and development of HSR,our country’s HSR stations and surrounding city areas often have integrated development issues of different degrees.The contradiction between the urbanization process and the lack of land resources is becoming more and more prominent,which restricts the HSR service level and urban operational efficiency.From the perspective of international practice experience,it can be seen that land-integrated development(LID)in HSR station areas is an important means to solve the above problems.Scholars have carried out effective research on the aspects of urban land use,transportation and land interaction,and the LID model.However,it should also be seen that considering our country’s realistic scenes,based on the unified analysis framework from the perspective of transportation and space-time economics,there is still a lot of research room on the system analysis of the key elements affecting LID in the HSR station areas.Based on the theory of transportation economics and space-time economic analysis,and assisting the use of stakeholders,evolving games,and mechanism design,this dissertation tries to conduct systematic research on the LID.The economic issues of this dissertation can be summarized as a government-enterprise collaboration issue in the context of the integration of transportation and urbanization.The dissertation tries to solve the real dilemma of the LID in our country’s HSR station areas through research on this issue.On this basis,the product-resource-network economic characteristics,and the transport network form stratifying analysis method,and the economic interpretation framework for LID in the HSR station areas is constructed.The evolutionary process and balance mechanism of transportation and LID under the perspective of space-time economy are analyzed,and the game process and balance strategy selection of the government,railway,and development entities are discussed,and the mechanism design embedded information efficiency and incentive compatibility is explored.The LID mechanism of Chinese Hong Kong and Japan is analyzed,which are currently more successful.At the same time,the Chongqing Shapingba Station,the Dongguan Humen Station,the Hangzhou West Station,and the railway along the Yangtze River,which are quite representative in China,are selected to verify the economic interpretation framework proposed in this dissertation.Finally,the policy suggestions for the LID of HSR stations in China are presented.The main research content and conclusions in this dissertation are as follows:(1)This dissertation analyzed the technical and economic characteristics of the LID in the HSR station area.The LID of rail transit has the product characteristics represented by instant and completeness,the resource characteristics of solid resources such as lines,stations,and soft resources such as management system and funding subsidy,and the transportation network node characteristics represented by scale economy and scope economy.Based on this,the LID in the HSR station area also presents the following outstanding technical and economic characteristics.At the demand dimension,the HSR travel groups are more sensitive to time value and higher requirements for service levels.At the functional dimension,the HSR station area is a dual-accessible place faced to regions and urban areas.At the dimensional dimension,the LID in the HSR station area can meet the development needs of the reasonable division of labor and cooperation and cooperation in the context of regional integration.(2)This dissertation established a layered interpretation framework for the LID in the HSR station area.The three basic relationships of the LID in the HSR station area are proposed: the supply and demand relationship of the space-time matching between transportation and urbanization,the beneficial relationship between the balance of the multiple entity game,and the vertical and horizontal relationship between the power and responsibilities of the public resources and enterprises.The interpretation framework is divided into the station resource layer,organizational model layer,and policy system layer.Among them,the core of the station resource layer is to introduce time and spatial management in the LID to build a complete transportation product with matching and demand matching.The core of the organizational mode layer is to find the optimal development cooperation model and interest distribution mechanism through multiple games.The core of the policy system layer is to stimulate market vitality and improve resource allocation efficiency through information sharing and stimulating mechanisms.(3)The relationship between traffic and land from the perspective of time and space is studied.From the perspective of evolution,the railway station area has gradually transformed from simple transportation nodes to high-accessible functional destinations of regions and urban areas.Therefore,its value presentation is the process of integrating the three values of nodes,venues,and media.Its essence is to solve the conflict between transportation and urbanization.From the perspective of time,it is reflected in the decision choice of development timing and continuation time.From the perspective of space,it is the resource allocation of the railway and urban functions.It requires time constraints,space constraints,and space-time gradient constraints to achieve rationalization of the space-time order.(4)The game-balanced relationship of LID stakeholders is analyzed.The LID of the HSR station is a process of collaborative governance implementation.The dissertation explained the participating entity interest,the power and responsibility relationship,the choice method,the cooperation model,and the interest distribution mechanism of the participating entities systematically.It proposed a two-stage cooperation development model called "separation of government and enterprises,separation of public and private cooperation" which is in line with the characteristics of our country’s railway industry.By constructing a relative game model,the dissertation further demonstrates the government has the effects of reducing transaction costs and inspiring production efficiency in the LID of the HSR station area.It has the leading role in promoting the balance of the game.The guide willingness of the railway enterprise of the government demand has increased with the increase in expected income.The development enterprise always takes the maximization of its benefits as the measurement standard.(5)This dissertation studied the cooperation mechanism and governance path between the government and the enterprise.At the central government level,the current land management system has increased the opportunity cost of resource allocation.At the local government level,there is a disconnection between railway construction and urban planning.At the railway enterprise level,the difference in development goals leads to insufficient external pressure and internal motivation.On this basis,the mechanism design embedding information efficiency and incentive compatibility is proposed.On the one hand,it needs to build a cooperation mechanism for information sharing internally to achieve integrated progress in railway construction and urban planning.On the other hand,it is necessary to create a professional environment for external creation.The government shall build incentive regulations such as plot ratio rewards,which will enhance the enthusiasm of enterprises to obtain income from LID.The innovation points of this dissertation are manifested in(1)It established an interpretation framework for the LID in the HSR station area,and proposed three affecting key factors,which include the time and space matching of transportation and LID,the game balance of the multi-entity interest,the power and responsibilities of the public resources and enterprises.(2)Combining the transportation space-time analysis theory with the space-time characteristics of LID,it proposed the timing planning and resource allocation model of LID under a specific space-time area.(3)It defined the stakeholders including the government,the railway enterprise,and the development enterprise,it also set the relationship framework for the LID under the perspective of multiple entities,and demonstrates the feasibility of social and economic effectiveness through the relative game model.(4)It established a government-enterprise collaboration mechanism embedded with information efficiency and stimulating compatibility.It also proposed a governance path which includes collaborative management and incentive regulation.