Research On The The Formation,Operation And Improvement Of " Three-Governance Integration" Rural Governance System

With the in-depth development of the market economy and the continuous advancement of urbanization,rural society has undergone tremendous changes.The changing social reality including pluralism,contradictory diversity,and structural diversity is restless for an upgrade of the rural governance system.In 2013,Tongxiang City,Zhejiang Province’s exploration of local practice in rural governance is the latest response to this,which firstly practiced and proposed"autonomy,rule of law,and virtue"--a rural governance system that integrates the "three governance".Subsequently,many parts of the country have commenced the practical exploration journey in the construction of the"three governance integration" rural governance system,related practice samples and building experiences of it are gradually diversified and enriched.Compared with the diversity and richness of the samples and construction experience,the relevant academic research in this field is slightly inferior.At present,academics appear to be more concerned about the specific practices of this governance system in various local practices,and lack the attention to in-depth study of case practice and its formation mechanism;Also,academics focus more on respective role positioning and function play of the "three governance",yet less dive into the "integration" mechanism and its development of "three governance".Studying the formation mechanism of the "three-rule integration" rural governance system,placing the rural governance system in the historical dimension,we can discover the characteristics,advantages and defects of the "three-rule integration" rural governance system,and comprehend"how to change,how to perfect" in the moment,that is to say,only in the course of history can we completely understand the current "three-rule integration" rural governance system and its future development trend;Studying the "integration" mechanism of "three governance" and how it can be improved can not only enriches the governance theory,but also has a bearing on the realization of the goals of the rural governance system and the effective implementation of the rural revitalization strategy in the new era.This article takes a case study of an agricultural traditional village in the central and western regions of China that is undergoing the "three-governance integration"construction of a rural governance system,and provide an in-depth analysis and research on the above issues one by one.Specifically,first of all,the paper comprehensively combs the rural governance system as well as its forms and formation backgrounds in each historical stage of the village since 1949,and deeply analyzes the experience processes of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system and the rural governance forms under this background.What’s more,on this basis,the paper combines with the reality of the rural society,and makes an in-depth study on the formation mechanism of the rural governance system.Generally speaking,the formation of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system is caused by internal and external factors.From the perspective of internal factors,the development and changes of the rural society in politics,economy,society,culture and other aspects as well as historical factors are the fundamental reasons for the formation of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system;from the perspective of external factors,the leading role of government forces and the participation of social forces are the indispensable external factors for the formation of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system.Moreover,it exists the interaction and mutual construction between the external and internal factors,and the external factors play roles through the internal factors.When the external factors meet the needs of the internal factors,it will promote the smooth development of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system;when the external factors violate the needs of the internal factors,the development of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system will be hindered.Furthermore,the paper elaborates the operation mode and practical difficulties of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration"of the rural governance system in details.From the perspective of its operation mode,it has carried out the system design,carrier setting and operation mechanism construction from three aspects,namely self-governance,rule of law and rule of virtue.However,no matter what operation mode is carried out form these three aspects,no special "integration" mechanism has been set up.However,as far as the operation carrier is concerned,there are pure self-governance carrier,rule of law carrier,as well as the combination of self-governance and rule of virtue operation carrier;as far as the operation mechanism is concerned,self-governance includes both rule of law and rule of virtue,and in the rule of law,there are both self-governance and rule of virtue,as well as in the rule of virtue,rule of law is infiltrated and self-governance is highlighted.Therefore,"Three Kinds of Governance Integration"has achieved real "integration",but the "integration" is primary and not perfect.On the other hand,"Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system also faces practical difficulties,such as the lack of endogenous motivation for the innovation of self-governance,the lack of external investment in the construction of the rule of law,the miscellaneous setting of the governance carriers,as well as easy innovations of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration"separately and the practical difficulties of "integration".Besides,the paper deeply considers the development and improvement of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system.Based on the research on the operation mode and practical difficulties of "Three Kinds of Governance Integration" of the rural governance system,this paper puts forward the development and improvement measures from the aspects of value orientation,construction principles,construction objectives,breakthrough of practical difficulties and sublimation of beneficial experience.Ultimately,based on the above-mentioned research,the article holds that the formation“three-rule integration”rural governance system is the result of the combination of rural endogenous needs and government construction,so it has strong generalizability and replication;the construction of the " three-rule integration" rural governance system relies on the richness of rural social capital,thus villagers should create rural social capital through intensive and extensive social interactions;meanwhile,the construction process should be based on the " household system”land contracting model,abandoning the“state empowered autonomy" and activating rural endogenous autonomy,which needs to be realized through the revitalization of rural industry and the construction of“villagers’ interest community”.