| Innovation is an important driving force for economic growth and the first driving force for development.The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward:to implement the innovation driven development strategy,emphasizing that scientific and technological innovation is the strategic support to improve social productivity and comprehensive national strength,and must be placed in the core position of the overall national development.The 14th Five-Year Plan and the Long-term Goal Outline for 2035 further emphasize:to improve the national innovation system and to speed up the construction of a powerful nation in science and technology;By 2035,major breakthroughs will be made in key core technologies and China will be in the forefront of innovative countries.From the 11th five-year plan to the 14th five-year plan,China has been accelerating the development of biomedical industry and build a perfect biomedical innovation system as an important goal.The significance of this study lies in:firstly,under the guidance of innovation theory and national innovation system theory,this paper clarifies the relationship between innovation paradigm and innovation policy,and then discusses the characteristics,mode and development stage of biomedical innovation,as well as the impact and challenge of innovation policy in biomedical field;Secondly,through empirical analysis and comparative analysis,this paper analyzes the current situation and implementation effect of China’s biomedical innovation policy system;Thirdly,from the perspective of policy system and policy tools,from the three levels of supply,demand and environment sides,the policy system framework of sustainable innovation of biomedicine in China is proposed,covering 66 policy tools such as capital,finance and taxation,finance,education,market,intellectual property,laws and regulations,culture,etc.It provides a new perspective,new framework and new method for improving the tool selection and system construction of sustainable innovation policy of biomedicine in China;Fourthly,advices and suggestions are put forward to improve the sustainable innovation policy system of biomedicine in China.By using the function of innovation policy tools,a multi-level innovation policy system with the function of the whole innovation chain,friendly innovation environment and promoting sustainable development is constructed.On the basis of reading the innovation policy documents and related literature in China and abroad,this study compared the American Biomedical Innovation Policy,systematically combed the current situation,implementation effect and existing problems of China’s biomedical innovation policy,and proposed the framework model of China’s biomedical sustainable innovation policy system;Through expert opinion,questionnaire survey and real analytic hierarchy process,the framework model is revised and confirmed,and the weight of each index of the policy system is assigned.On this basis,advices and suggestions are put forward to improve the sustainable innovation policy system of biomedicine in China.The main conclusions are as follows:First,according to the innovation theory and the national innovation system theory,biomedical innovation belongs to the category of technological innovation,which has the characteristics of novelty,implementation and uncertainty.The development mode of biomedical innovation has gone through three stages:closed innovation,open innovation and integrated innovation.The development of biomedical innovation policy has also gone through innovation policy 1.0,Innovation policy 2.0 and innovation policy 3.0.Compared with other technological innovations,biomedical innovation is highly regulated and influenced by market approval and market access.Second,compared with the United States,where biomedical innovation has entered the 3.0 era of innovation and development and has constructed an innovation ecosystem,the innovation policy is mainly environmental policy and demand-oriented policy,and has formed a policy system dominated by market mechanism and encouraged by innovation policy,the development of biomedical innovation in China has gone through the accumulation of technological progress and technology introduction instead of the accumulation of original innovation.The innovation system has been initially constructed and entered the 2.0 era of innovation development.The innovation policy is mainly supplyoriented and environment-oriented.Thirdly,from the perspective of policy tools,the framework of sustainable innovation policy system of biomedicine in China should include three first level indicators of supply,demand and environment,22 second level indicators and 66 third level indicators.It involves capital investment,education and training,human resources,technical support,technical standardization,market mechanism,fiscal and taxation policies,financial policies,regulatory framework,intellectual property rights and other policies.According to different policy objectives and functions,innovation policy tools should be selected and combined according to innovation development objectives and stages;Secondly,we should choose the corresponding innovation policy tools according to the law and characteristics of technological progress of biomedical innovation;Finally,the innovation and development of biomedicine should be in line with the goal of environment-friendly sustainable development.Fourth,according to expert opinions and research analysis,supply-oriented policy is still the core policy in the sustainable development of biomedical innovation in China.At present,the innovation and development of China’s biomedical industry still needs the government to increase capital investment and technical support,further encourage enterprises to increase scientific research funds and expand financing channels in terms of fiscal,tax and financial policies,strengthen the cultivation of high-end talents,and at the same time,it needs the regulatory environment and market environment to encourage innovation.Fifth,China needs to further improve the sustainable innovation policy system of biomedicine.The first is to use the function of innovation policy to improve the innovation policy system,and build an innovation policy system that acts on the whole innovation chain and promotes sustainable development;Second,strengthen the design of biomedical innovation policy,and promote the policy design from comprehensive to professional by changing the policy concept;Third,we should pay attention to the diversity and combination effect of innovation policy tools,select policy tools according to the stage of innovation development,strengthen the demand-oriented demand side policy,and optimize the marketoriented environment side policy;Fourth,promote the collaborative development of biomedical innovation policy,strengthen the cooperation of industry,University and research,improve the incentive means,and promote the collaborative innovation mechanism;Fifth,strengthen the governance system and capacity of biomedical innovation policy,and constantly optimize the innovation governance structure.To sum up,this study defines the basic connotation of biomedical innovation and the impact of innovation policy in theory,compares and analyzes the development mode and policy status of biomedical innovation in China,and puts forward the framework model of sustainable innovation policy system of biomedical industry in China for the first time.By assigning the weight of policy framework index,it provides a set of scientific and comprehensive policy system for improving the innovation policy system The evaluation framework with certain standards makes up for the randomness and subjectivity in the formulation and implementation of policy system,policy establishment and evaluation,and provides a new perspective,new framework and new method for improving the tool selection and system construction of China’s biomedical sustainable innovation policy. |
PDF Full Text Request