The Comparative Analysis Of Industrial Transformation Of Manufacturing Policy Among China,Germany,Japan And The USA From The View Of National Innovation System

The emergence of intelligent Internet of Things,cloud computing and big data has brought opportunities for the transformation of the global industrial strategy and the development of a knowledge-based economy.As a result,globalization of manufacturing services,intelligence and platform collectivization innovation has become a trend of global development.Among them,it is undoubtedly that the most notable is the release of German Industry 4.0 strategy.In this wave of industrial restructuring,all countries around the world are actively promoting the enactment of relevant policies and measures,for example,Germany proposed The New High-Tech Strategy Innovations for Germany in 2014.The United States respectively issued Capturing Domestic Competitive Advantage in Advanced Manufacturing in 2012 and Accelerating U.S.Advanced Manufacturing in 2014.Japan implemented Japan's Revival Strategy in 2013.China released Made in China 2025 in 2015.Although there is a big difference among the contents and measures of policies in each country,the ultimate goal is to focus on industrial automation,customization,intelligence,and make use of advanced information technology to achieve manufacturing transformation.Based on the above background,this research collects and integrates relevant information on innovation policies of manufacturing industrial transformation in China,Germany,Japan and the USA.Comprehensively use policy tools and industrial innovation system,so as to analyze and compare the industrial transformation of manufacturing policy among the four countries from the view of national innovation system.In the policy tools aspect,this research respectively coded and classified the four countries' industrial transformation of manufacturing policies into twelve policy tools,and got the four countries' distribution of the policy tools as well as the tendency to use policy tools.In the industrial innovation system aspect,this research summarized the four countries' transformation policies to the industrial environment dimension and technological systems dimension,and then analyzed and sorted out the relevancies between policy tools and industrial innovation system,and finally made a comparative analysis.The results showed that most countries biased towards the use of Political and Public Services in their policy tools aspect.In industrial innovation system,most countries preferred to apply Firm strategy,Structure and Rivalry and Receiver Competence.From the results we can see that most countries are looking forward to stimulating innovation in manufacturing industry by providing manufacturing industry with public services and improving receiver competence which can create demand in domestic and foreign markets.Meanwhile,with the promulgation and implementation of policies and regulations,which could indirectly propel the research and development of manufacturing industry,so as to promote the innovation and development of manufacturing industry.In order to optimize and improve the content and structure of China's manufacturing industrial transformation policies and to promote the innovation and development of China's manufacturing industry,this study suggests that through optimizing the layout of policies,strengthening the training of applied talents,avoiding overflow phenomenon and enhancing the capability of enterprise independent innovation to ensure and supervise the effective implementation of industrial transformation of manufacturing policy.Therefore,it will enhance the international competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry from various aspects and perspectives.