Research On Comprehensive Effects Of China’s Subsidy Policies

Since 2004,the policies of grain direct subsidies,improved seed subsidies,and comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials have played an important role in reducing grain production costs,increasing farmers’ income,promoting grain production,and motivating farmers to grow grain.However,with the further deepening of industrialization and urbanization,the implementation of agricultural subsidy policies only focused on the quantitative goal of increasing grain production,and did not take into account the quality goals of agricultural environmental protection and the optimization of agricultural production and operation methods.There are also problems such as weakening of subsidy accuracy and reduced subsidy benefits,which inhibits the high-quality development of China’s agriculture.In order to further improve the agricultural subsidy policy,In 2015,the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Agriculture carried out pilot reforms of agricultural“three subsidies” in five provinces including Anhui,Shandong,Hunan,Sichuan,and Zhejiang,and consolidated grain direct subsidies,improved seed subsidies,and comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials into agricultural support protection subsidies.The goal of policy adjustment is to support the protection of cultivated land and the moderate scale of grain operations.In 2016,on the basis of pilot projects in five provinces,the agricultural support protection subsidy policy was fully promoted nationwide.The adjustment of the above food subsidy policy will have an impact on the economy,society,and ecology.More in-depth research is needed.This research adopts the logical main line of theoretical review(why)-status quo analysis(how)-effect analysis(how effect)-optimization suggestions(how to achieve).First,reviewing relevant economic theories and drawing on domestic and foreign research results,on the basis of analysis of current situation,based on the mechanism of the food subsidy policy,the grain subsidy is taken as the core explanatory variable.Through the Cobb-Douglas production function,the farmer’s decision model,the truncated regression model,and the fixed-effect panel model,Taking the main grain producing areas and main selling areas as the research objects,comparative analysis of the impact of grain subsidy policies on grain output,total agricultural output value,farmers’ income,non-agricultural employment,fertilizer application,pesticide application,and agricultural biodiversity,through these impact analysis to explore the economic,social and ecological effects of grain subsidy policies.And construct the comprehensive effect index system of grain subsidy policy,use the entropy method to find the index weight,and analyze the comprehensive effect of grain subsidy policy.The specific performance is:There are regional differences in the economic,social,ecological and comprehensive effects of grain subsidy policies.From the perspective of economic effects,the grain subsidy policy has a positive impact on grain production.The increase of grain sown area and the increase of grain production labor resources are the main factors for the increase of grain production.For the main producing areas,grain subsidies will affect grain output by changing the distribution of labor resources in grain production and the input of agricultural fertilizers.The impact of fertilizer input,the intersection of grain subsidies and grain sown area,and the intersection of grain subsidies and total power of agricultural machinery on grain production failed to pass the significance test.For the main sales area,grain subsidies failed to increase grain output by changing factors of production or the distribution of labor resources.Grain subsidies and financial support for agriculture promote agricultural economic growth through multiplier effects.For the main producing areas,the grain sown area,the total power of agricultural machinery,and the intersection of grain subsidies and grain sown area all have a significant positive impact on agricultural economic growth.Labor factors and the intersection of grain subsidies and the total power of agricultural machinery have a weaker positive impact on agricultural economic growth.For the main sales area,the sown area of grain has a significant positive impact on agricultural economic growth.The labor factor,the total power of agricultural machinery,the cross item of grain subsidies and the area of grain subsidies,and the total power of grain subsidies and agricultural machinery all have a weak positive impact on agricultural economic growth.From the perspective of social effects,grain subsidies have a significant positive impact on farmers’ income.Agricultural financial investment and the input of various agricultural material elements are the main factors affecting farmers’ income.Grain subsidies will not only directly increase farmers’ income,but also increase farmers’ income in disguised form by increasing the input of grain production factors,but the former has a relatively weak effect.The increase in the amount of grain subsidies and the improvement of food subsidy policies have a significant negative impact on farmers’ participation in non-agricultural employment activities in the main production areas,but the impact on farmers in the main sales areas is not significant.From the perspective of ecological effects,grain subsidies have a significant positive impact on the application of pesticides and fertilizers,destroying agricultural biodiversity and exacerbating the deterioration of the agricultural ecological environment.From the perspective of comprehensive effects,grain subsidies have a significant positive impact on the comprehensive effect index.For the main producing areas,the planting structure and food prices have a positive impact on the comprehensive effect index,while the prices of pesticides and fertilizers have a significant negative impact on the comprehensive effect index.Agricultural mechanization level and economic development level have no significant influence on the comprehensive effect index.For the main sales area,financial support for agriculture and the level of economic development have a significant positive impact on the comprehensive effect index.Pesticide utilization rate and fertilizer utilization rate have a significant negative impact on the comprehensive effect index.Planting structure,grain prices,pesticide prices,fertilizer prices and the level of agricultural mechanization failed the significance test.The level of economic development,financial support,the degree of policy coordination,and the promotion of green development concepts are the main factors that affect the effects of grain subsidy policies.Therefore,on the basis of the above research conclusions,this article puts forward policy recommendations for building a coordinated system of food subsidy policies and improving food subsidy policy measures,providing a theoretical basis for scientifically formulating agricultural policies.