| In the history of anti-poverty in our country,the government has always played a leading role.After experiencing relief-style anti-poverty(1978-1985),developmentstyle anti-poverty(1986-2000),and diversified anti-poverty(2001-2012),General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the guidelines of “precise anti-poverty” in 2013.The curtain of a tough battle for targeted anti-poverty has been opened across the country.The "Implementation Plan for Establishing a Targeted Anti-poverty Work Mechanism" issued in the same year further promoted the application of targeted anti-poverty thinking in anti-poverty.Precision anti-poverty is based on the precise identification of anti-poverty targets and the precise allocation of anti-poverty resources,which effectively solves the problem of the decline in the effect of anti-poverty after entering the deep water area.However,the government-led anti-poverty behavior also has some constraints and limitations.When facing an impact,the government’s non-single objective function will lead to waste of resources and loss of efficiency due to policy failures.On the other hand,the government’s direct assistance to the poor will also squeeze out private assistance resources and induce the poor to become dependent on assistance,thereby weakening the poverty reduction effect of assistance.This has also led to the fact that although the Chinese government’s anti-poverty expenditure has greatly increased the rural per capita income,the effect is not significant in the poorer areas.In order to make up for the government’s constraints and limitations in anti-poverty,the World Bank(World Bank)in a report released in 2001 proposed to use market forces to serve the poor,thereby achieving the goal of anti-poverty.Prahalad(2006)pointed out that innovative business models can be used to serve consumers at the bottom of the pyramid to help create a fairer and more people-oriented society,thereby eliminating poverty.Its core view is that commercial organizations can "make money by doing good," that is,commercial organizations can innovate and participate in poverty eradication,obtain high profits at the enterprise level,and at the same time help local governments alleviate poverty at the social level.On the other hand,various nonprofit organizations also play a role in poverty reduction.Even in the United States,in addition to financial transfer payments for education,medical care,employment,pensions,housing security,etc.,which are responsible for the state finances,there are also social organizations(such as non-profit organizations,enterprises,etc.)that provide assistance to the poor.It can be seen from this that it is indispensable to introduce the participation of social forces in the fight against poverty.With the advent of the decisive battle for anti-poverty,since 2014,the Chinese government has proposed to build a "triad" anti-poverty pattern of industry,social and special anti-poverty,and mobilize the participation of social forces,especially corporate forces,to jointly fight for anti-poverty.Studying the existing literature can find that since the main way of anti-poverty is economic growth and income distribution,everyone agrees that the main body of anti-poverty should be the government,while few literatures study the participation of corporates in anti-poverty as the main body.For the social forces represented by corporates,the existing literature mainly focuses on the corporate interests and their behavior motives in corporate charitable behaviors.Therefore,in the context of the country’s decision to widely mobilize social forces to participate in anti-poverty,this article attempts to study "who will help"-the characteristics of corporates participating in anti-poverty from the perspective of corporates participating in targeted anti-poverty,and "why support"-corporates participating in anti-poverty Motivation and motivation."Anti-poverty Effect"-Four issues concerning the economic and social impact of corporates’ participation in anti-poverty,have finally formed a comprehensive and systematic study of my country’s corporates’ participation in anti-poverty.First of all,on the issue of "who will help"-the characteristics of corporates’ participation in anti-poverty,after manually collating the data on corporates’ participation in anti-poverty in the corporate social responsibility report,this article finds that corporates in the western region are more inclined to participate in antipoverty;and Corporates with direct contact with consumers are more inclined to participate in anti-poverty;large-scale companies with good business performance are more inclined to participate in anti-poverty.This result is still valid after the Heckman two-step method is used to deal with the selection bias.The nature of ownership has no effect on corporates’ participation in anti-poverty,that is,state-owned corporates or private corporates are not the characteristics of corporates participating in anti-poverty.One possible reason is that after our country listed anti-poverty as the three major battles and called on social forces to participate in anti-poverty,both state-owned and private corporates have a strong motivation to participate in targeted anti-poverty.For state-owned enterprises,due to the policy orientation,they must participate in targeted anti-poverty;for private enterprises,they are affected by the policy environment and have a strong political motivation to participate in targeted anti-poverty.Secondly,this article verifies the political motivation of corporates to participate in targeted anti-poverty.In this paper,the incident of prefecture-level cities being reported by the news network for anti-poverty as a policy shock,constructs a split-level double differential(DID)model to verify its impact on the anti-poverty projects of listed companies accepted by prefecture-level cities.The study found that the prefecture-level city’s news coverage for anti-poverty will significantly positively affect the number of listed company anti-poverty projects accepted by the prefecture-level city.The result is still valid after a series of endogenous tests.This shows that listed companies have a strong political motivation to participate in targeted anti-poverty,and the government can effectively guide companies to actively participate in targeted anti-poverty.Then,on the issue of the "effect of aid"-the economic effect of corporates participating in anti-poverty,this article finds that the targeted anti-poverty participation behavior of listed companies will significantly positively affect the effectiveness of listed companies,and use independent variables to lag the endogenous problem for a period of time.And after the instrumental variable method alleviates the endogenous problem,the result is still valid.The analysis of heterogeneity reveals that the economic effect of corporates to participate in targeted anti-poverty is mainly reflected in non-stateowned corporates,large corporates and western corporates.For state-owned corporates,small corporates and eastern corporates,the economic effect of corporates to participate in targeted anti-poverty is not significant.Further research found that corporates’ participation in targeted anti-poverty affects the economic benefits of corporates through two channels.The first is the reputation channel.Participating in targeted antipoverty will improve the company’s media reputation and then enhance the company’s efficiency.The second channel is to ease financing constraints.Participating in targeted anti-poverty will ease the financing constraints of corporates,and then improve the economic benefits of corporates.Finally,on the issue of the “effects of support”—the social effects of corporates’ participation in anti-poverty,this paper takes the anti-poverty projects of listed companies obtained by the county-level regions as a policy impact,and constructs a split-level double differential(DID)model to study its impact on counties.The impact of rural per capita income in high-level regions.The study found that:(1)The increase in rural per capita income in county-level areas that received enterprise anti-poverty was better than that in county-level areas that did not receive enterprise anti-poverty,and the greater the anti-poverty efforts of corporates,the greater the increase in rural per capita income in county-level areas;(2)In the western county-level regions,county-level regions with low per capita GDP,and county-level regions belonging to national poverty-stricken counties,the effect of corporate anti-poverty participation is better,that is,there are significant regional differences in the effects of corporate antipoverty.At the same time,this also reflects that corporates have a certain degree of precision in anti-poverty.(3)Anti-poverty by corporates is mainly through the development of local characteristic agriculture to increase the per capita income of local rural areas.The above results are still valid after a series of endogenous treatments and robustness tests.This shows that under the call of the Chinese government,companies participating in targeted anti-poverty can effectively increase the rural per capita income in the target area,while still having a certain degree of accuracy.The effective use of corporate forces to participate in anti-poverty has been proven effective.After the completion of a well-off society in 2020,the follow-up government’s antipoverty work should focus on preventing poverty from returning to poverty in areas that have already been lifted out of poverty.It can be inferred from the study of this book that the organic combination of corporate anti-poverty behavior and rural revitalization plan can effectively use market forces to continue to promote the development of anti-poverty and further consolidate the achievements of my country’s anti-poverty.This article expands the existing research from two aspects through the research on corporates’ participation in precision anti-poverty.On the one hand,in the field of corporate social responsibility,the public welfare and charity activities of corporates are expanded from the perspective of corporates’ participation in anti-poverty.This article provides a new research perspective and framework for the study of corporate social responsibility performance.Previous studies on the performance of corporate social responsibility have mostly studied its motivation and effects from the perspective of public welfare and charity.Based on a new perspective,this paper studies the motivation and effect of corporate social responsibility fulfillment from the perspective of corporate participation in anti-poverty.Different from previous studies based on the perspective of public welfare and charity,the research based on the perspective of corporate participation in anti-poverty can not only study its impact on the company itself,but also study its impact on the target area,and can better evaluate the company’s social responsibility performance.The improvement of social welfare brought by it.On the other hand,in the field of anti-poverty research,it is supplemented from the perspective of corporates’ participation in anti-poverty,to make up for the lack of existing literature that mainly studies government anti-poverty.Previous studies on anti-poverty were based on the government’s perspective,studying the impact and mechanism of government actions on anti-poverty.Few studies have studied the impact of non-governmental forces on anti-poverty from an empirical perspective.From the perspective of companies participating in anti-poverty,this paper studies the influence and mechanism of non-governmental forces-social forces in the anti-poverty process,enriching theoretical and empirical research in the field of anti-poverty. |
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