Research On The Historical Evolution And Deepening Reform Of The Pension Security System For Chinese Urban Workers(1949-2022)

Facing the ever-deepening aging population situation,the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward a series of major arrangements and measures to actively cope with aging,and put the "providing for the elderly" as one of the fundamental goals to improve people’s livelihood.The outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan clearly states that we should develop a multi-level and multi-pillar endowment insurance system,and establish a sound market mechanism,and give full play to the role of the government and the market,to make social endowment resources get reasonable allocation,further to alleviate the increasingly prominent pension problems.This not only indicates the direction of the development of the endowment cause,but also indicates that it is the general trend to accelerate the improvement of the top-level design of the endowment security system.The future is known by the past.Looking back in history,over the past 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the pension security system has undergone reform and changes along with the development of the social economy,which fits in with the social and economic conditions in the historical stage.Looking into the future,the trend of deepening reform of the pension security system should also be combined with the realistic background under the new situation,and focus on building the pension security system with Chinese characteristics in the new era.The practical experience of countries around the world shows that,the old-age security system is the product of industrialization development.Its development generally goes through the dynamic evolution process from town to countryside,and from employment personnel to residents.In order to more clearly examine the changes and development of pension security system,and Combined with the actual conditions of China’s urban-rural dual structure,this paper takes urban workers as the research category.Under the unification of logic and history,with the method of combining normative analysis and empirical analysis,the paper studies the historical changes of the pension security system of New China over 70 years.In order to clarify this historical logic,this paper firstly constructs and analyzes the internal logical framework of the pension security system change.Following this theoretical framework,this paper comprehensively examines and sorts out the historical evolution of the pension security system for urban workers for more than 70 years,and summarizes the outstanding achievements achieved in the reform process,and analyzes the existing problems.In the face of the severe practical tests such as the continuous expansion of the difference of the security level of different departments,and the deep aging trend of the population structure,and the slowdown of economic growth,and the diversification of employment forms under the development of new business forms,the paper proposes that the deepening reform of the pension security system of urban workers in China should adhere to the goal of sustainable development,and to establish the pension security system for urban workers with Chinese characteristics,giving more benefits to more ordinary working class elderly people,and to realize the providing for the elderly,so as to improve the happiness of the elderly.Through detailed analysis and demonstration,the main points and conclusions of this paper are as follows.The reform and change of the pension security system is closely related to the overall study of the construction of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.It can be found in the study of the endowment security system,The system itself and its implication and extension contain the theories in the fields of economics and sociology,and reflect its interaction mechanism with the development of social economy.With the development of social economy,the needs of elderly care become more diversified,Pension security has also diversified from economic security to service security,The system is changing.And also,As a major problem of social population,The quality of the endowment security system affects the Within and between generations relationship,further embodied as social relations of production,becoming the cornerstone of constructing socialist harmonious society in our country.Therefore,the research on the pension security system is also the due meaning of building a harmonious socialist society.Historical practice has proved that after more than 70 years of reform,China’s old-age security system for urban workers has made indelible achievements,but at the same time,there are problems that cannot be ignored.It still needs to deepen reform to improve the system.The main results are reflected in the scope of the pension security gradually expanded,and the pension security management gradually unified,and the pension security treatment gradually improved,and the pension security system gradually improved.But the reform is not accomplished overnight,There are also some problems in the process of institutional reform,including that the shortfall in pension funds is huge,remains the risk of financial unsustainable,and the level of pension security is inadequate,leading to unbalanced and inadequate system development,and the structure of the pension security system is out of balance,needing to be further coordinated and expanded,and the supply of old-age security services is limited needing to be expanded and optimized.Given the current new situation,deepening institutional reform faces various internal and external challenges,and reform is not easy.the author suggests that it is necessary to constantly improve the overall ideas and basic requirements of the system reform,wen can take multiple measures at the same time,such as optimizing the construction of multi-level pension security system,enriching and expanding the pension security fund pool,steadily promoting the national pooling of pension insurance,and strengthening the construction of the pension security under the law,to jointly promote the construction of sustainable old-age security system for urban workers in China.