The Research On Rational Utilization And Protection Of Wetland And The Sustainable Development Of District In Jiangsu

Wetland, forest and ocean are called the three ecosystems in the world. Wetland, widely distributing in the world, is one of most important environment resources for human. Wetland provides high ecological value and economic value, and it is necessary for humanity's survival and social and economy to exploit wetland reasonably. However, for a long time, the wetland value was rarely known. With the development of economy and society, people often exploited wetland unreasonably, which reduced the area of wetland day by day. In 1990s, the view of sustainable development was proposed, more and more people turned their attention to the protection of wetland.China is one of the countries in which there is a lot of wetland with the vast area and the plenty varieties. Wetland plays an important part in maintaining the balance of nature, protecting the biodiversity and storing flood-water for use in a drought and so on. But along with the increasing of population and the pressure of the development, people exploit wetland unreasonably, which cause the reduce of wetland area and the drop of the function and the benefit. This is effecting the sustainable development of our country, so we should adopt some measures to protect wetland in our country.In Jiangsu Province, wetland is 3.998 million hectares, approximately 39% of the area. Jiangsu is rich in wetland resources. For the protection of wetland resources, Jiangsu has taken many positive measures. By now, there are 18 nature reserve of wetland, the area of which is 710,000 hectares. But simultaneously, the area of natural wetland is rapidly reducing, the ecology function is gradually degenerating. Many factors, including the lags of law and policy still restricted the protection of wetland in Jiangsu Province.Under the existing foundation of research, combining the theory and the demonstration, this article analyzes the present situation of wetland in Jiangsu Province and the problems during the development of wetland, proposals the policy of protecting wetland.First, the article takes wetland and situation around wetland as one system, regarding the function of wetland, and studies the theory of sustainable development about wetland, and points out the importance and the urgency of reasonable use of wetland.Second, the article analyzes the natural condition of wetland and present situation of the protecting wetland, and points out the economic factors of unreasonable use of wetland.Third, the article analyzes gambling within the various main bodies in protecting wetland, and try to find out the best way to reach a new equilibrium, which can provide a theoretical base for designing policy about protection of wetland.Finally, the article proposes the policy for protecting wetland in Jiangsu, and hopes to provide the reference.