Research On The Technical Paradigm Of Marine Environmental Impact Assessment

For marine environmental impact assessment of construction projects, so far we are short of technical paradigms that are systematic and workable. Compared with the earlier environmental impact assessment of other environmental elements, marine environmental impact assessment ought to be perfect in practice. Marine environment includes marine hydrodynamy, seawater quality, marine sediment, marine biology and ecology and other elements of marine environment. Their sensitivity to human activities may vary due to different elements. At the same time, determining the grades of environmental impact assessment should be based on the characters of construction project, the project' scale and the environmental sensitivity of the area. Identifying the investigation of marine environmental quality and the range and extent of marine environmental impact forecast should be based on the grade of environmental impact assessment and the construction project's characters. Then we can identify scientific and rational evaluation parameters and methods.From the elements of marine environment, this paper attempts to research on the technical paradigms on the basis of practical work to make them more mature and rational, more practical and feasible. It can provide the theoretical and methodical basis for constituting the technical guidelines for marine environmental impact assessment. It has very important practical significance at this stage in our country. The paper's research is how to divide the types of sensitive areas of marine hydrodynamy, seawater quality, marine sediment, marine biology and eco-environment and other elements of marine environment; how to determine the grades of environmental impact assessment of respective evaluation contents; and how to identify the investigation of marine environmental quality and marine environmental impact forecast on the basis of the grades of environmental impact assessment and the construction project's characters. The major contents can be summarized as follows.①The paper selects three evaluations of marine hydrological dynamic environment, seawater quality environment, and marine eco-environment in accordance with different elements. It tries to give the scientific and qualitative divisions of respective sensitive areas, less sensitive areas and non-sensitive areas.②The paper consults "Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment", such as on general programme, surfacewater environment, atmospheric environment, noise environment and ecological environment of nature resource' development. According to the environment sensitive types of the seat of the construction project, and the characters of the construction project's pollution emissions and other factors, it determines each evaluation's grade of environmental impact assessment quantificationally.③According to different grades of environmental impact assessment and the construction project's characters, it identifies marine environmental investigation, such as the investigation range, the investigation sections and stations, the investigation time and frequency, and the investigation parameters.④According to different grades of environmental impact assessment, it identifies marine environmental impact forecast.⑤Taking the construction projects of a dry bulk storage and a freight dock as examples, this paper describes the outlines of environmental impact assessment by "Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment of marine engineering"(GB/T19485-2004). And it makes comparative analyses with the outlines by the paper's technical methods.