A Comprehensive Study On Water Shortage Degree And Water Shortage Types Of Sichuan Province

The shortage and the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources have been becoming the bottleneck of carrying out the Western Development Projects and realizing sustainable development in Sichuan Province. However, now, the attention and study on this issue lacks obviously, so it is urgent to evaluate shortage degree and classify shortage types of water resources in Sichuan Province. Based on the current status and characteristics of water resources in Sichuan Province, by virtue of water shortage index, Primary Component Analysis (PCA) method, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and the graph disposing function of MapInfo, taking administrative division as basic studying units, the water shortage degree, shortage types, regional characteristics, reasons and countermeasures of Sichuan Province are accomplished and the methods and results of the study are as follows.1.According to the international current shortage index, the amount of the water resources of Sichuan province is generally sufficient, but the differences of various regions are distinct. Most regions lacking water lie in the plateau, low zone and hilly land, with high dense of population and developed economy. The result indicates that Suining, Neijiang, Ziyang are the cities that lack water extremely; Chengdu, Deyang, Nanchong, Guang'an are the cities that lack water seriously; Meishan is the city that lack water with medium scale and Luzhou, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Leshan, Yibin, Dazhou, Bazhong are cities that do not seriously lack of water. Ya'an, Panzhihua, Aba, Ganzi, Liangshan are cities with sufficient water resources. In fact, these regions lack water resources because of topography, landforms and utilization difficulty, though per capita available of water resources is high. So it is unilateral only taking per capita available of water resources as index of water shortage.2.The primary component analysis (PCA) method is used to evaluate the water resources shortage degree. Under certain principles of selecting index, 19 indexes are introduced to construct the index system of the comprehensive evaluation on water shortage of Sichuan Province. The result of evaluation keeps consistency with that of shortage index analysis in the main. At the same time, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is carried to evaluate the water shortage degree of Sichuan province, taking per capita available of water resources, per unit area available amount of water resources, per capita amount of water supplied and per unit GDP available water resources as indicators. According to the watershortage composite index number, water shortage degree is classified. Moreover, the stability and reliability of evaluation result are tested by the contrast of two evaluation methods.3.According to former results, water sufficient district, water relatively sufficient district, water fragile district, water deficit district and water serious deficit district are identified. Water sufficient district includes three municipalities (Aba, Ganzi and Liangshan), water relatively sufficient district includes three cities (Panzhihua, Leshan, Ya'an), water fragile district includes four cities (Deyang, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Dazhou), water deficit district includes five cities (Chengdu, Luzhou, Yibin, Meishan, Bazhong) and water serious deficit district includes six cities (Zigong, Suining, Nanchong, Guang'an, Ziyang). The result of evaluation is similar with current shortage status of water resources.4.The classification of water shortage types of various regions and municipalities throughout Sichuan province is carried out in the study by using the indicators of water resources utilization rate and per capita amount of water supplied, and resources type, engineering type and polluting type are categorized. In light with differential value of per capita available amount of water resources, per unit area available amount of water resources, per capita amount of water supplied with provincial average value, resources type, engineering type and overl...