Finite Element Analysis And Lightweight For The Bus Frame

A skeleton of a bus body is one of the most important components. The structural performance of a bus body was studied by means of FEM (Finite Element Method) and experimentation.After computation by FEM and experimentation, the weight of the bus body is lingtened.FEM model of the body frame was introduced in detaila and the static analysis was made under five typical conductions according to the practice such as running with the uniform velocity, left side torsion, emergent braking, right turning and overturning. The distributing of stress and displacement of the structure had been gotten on taking use of finite element method and the weak points and the strong points of the structure had been found. The results were useful for the lightening of the body structure. Furthermore, the dynamic characteristic of the body structure had been analyzed in the modal analysis technique in order to get the information of the frame.The ten orders natural frequencies had ben calculated and low-order vibration shape of the body structure was studied.The calculating results were identical with the test result and the fact provided by the company. So it proved that the finite element model is rational and the analysis is correct. Based on this, the structur of midst door and some less important components had been ameliorated directly according to the real situation. Finally, the lightened weight of this bus body is about 211kg and the improved frame met requirements.The FEM mold including beam and solid elements of the frame in research of the base where the parts are very complex had been built by means of the mehod in which two kinds of elements of solid and beam had been coupled. This analysis method is rare in the present studies. The novel method of building a FEM model of a bus has an important theorical significance and practical value on analysis of the frame of bus.