| Abstract: Large sites refers to the cultural sites, historical remains and ancient buries which has great scale and prominent value in china's cultural heritage. In Recent years, the threatening influences of high-speed urbanization large sites which lied on the fringe of urbanized area give birth to lots of conflicts between relic protection and city development.as the important benefit community of sites' protection, the protective attitudes and behaviors of residents inner the sites have the key significances.so far,among the domestic related literatures about large sites, discussions on protection tenet, exploitation mind or conceive planning took most of the part. Researches on the action characteristics of residents' colony which have close relation with the sites are not familiar. The paper take the Chang'an city of Han dynasty for example, based the visual angle of residents' living quality and their protective attitudes, make groping researches on the sites'protection and regional development as follows:The 1st, based on the analysis of governments' statistical data and the locale perambulation, the paper make the summing-up and elementary diagnoses.The 2nd, the paper used both the questionnaire investigation and comparative research methods, the result of questionnaire summing-up adequately showed the residents' identified degree of themselves and social surroundings, and the comparative research to the neighborhood area truly illustrated the relative level of residents' living quality within the site. The result truly reflected the whole residents' living quality and idiographic problems in Chang'an city of Han dynasty.The 3rd, the paper used the risk analysis method achieved the measurement of destroy degree of different land use types and the residents' land use activities to the site. Then The intimidatory function of Land use of residents has been illuminated clearly and intuitionistically.The 4th, by dint of the questionnaire investigation, the paper analyzed the perceptive feelings of their living quality and attitudes and actions to the sites, then the protective attitudes and actions to the sites is opened out. It has observed that residents' satisfactory degree of living quality has a positive relationship with the external negative influences of site protection.The 5th, based on the theory of PRED and commutative planning, the paper put forward some countermeasures and advices about the protection and development of Chang'an city of Han dynasty, and also gave some instructions of planning, hoping to give some theory instruction and thinking induction for mousing out the countermeasure both on protection and development of Chang'an city of Han dynasty.
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