Study On The Conservation And Urban Renewal Of The Ritual Architectural Area Of The Chang'an City Site In Han Dynasty

Historical sites are the important part of cultural heritage system in our country and are valuable historical and cultural resources as well.In the context of cultural confidence in the new era,the higher requirements for protection and utilization of historical remains are put forward.However,in the process of high-speed urbanization in China,there is overlap between many urban-type historical sites and urban built-up area so that the pressure that the protection and management of historical remains are encountered with is unprecedented.Ritual architectural area of Chang'an city site in Han Dynasty is a typical example.As the ritual building cluster with the largest scale in China,it is of great value.The current situation about preservation and protection is not optimistic.The problem of coordination with urban development is going acute day by day.Urban renewal provides an important means to settle this problem.But currently,the research and practice object of cities in historical area are mainly centered on built heritage.The related theory and practice aimed at urban renewal in the area of historical remains are not rich and the overall research is less.In this paper,based on the conclusion of related domestic and foreign researches,historical context of ritual system architectural area is interpreted.Combined with the analysis on current situation of ritual architectural area,with the aid of GIS spatial analysis,digital simulation and other methods,and under the guidance of site visual simulation analysis,the protection zoning,relevant management regulations,building height control and other items of protection area are adjusted and improved.The win-win situation that the urban development and utilization of historical remains are realized step by step through urban space renewal and functional renewal in the premise of overall protection of historical site can be achieved.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)The key to protect historical site lies in the scientific protection zoning.Site visual impact simulation analysis provides reference for the delimitation of protection area.With the help of landscape view analysis,GIS spatial analysis and others,“visual environment”analysis system can be built through three scenario types: “periphery of site”,“sight gallery” and “landscape overlook” to guide the delimitation of protection area,building height,subarea control and others.(2)The relation between the protection of historical sites and urban renewal should be dialectically understood.The protection of historical sites is the premise of urban renewal,which should be implemented throughout the whole process of urban renewal.Urban renewal is the approach to coordinate the protection of historical remains with urban development and is a long-term strategic process in overall development.(3)Urban renewal in the area of historical sites should attach importance to the protection of historical sites and inheritance of historical pattern.The conservation planning for cultural relic protection should be taken as the prerequisite of urban renewal ahead of everything else.Within the scope of protection,the authenticity and integrity of cultural relics to be protected are taken as the premise to avoid the relevant urban functions overloaded.Construction control area is the bearing area for urban functions of which the construction activities should follow the requirements of historical remains' environment style and feature.(4)Urban renewal in the area of historical sites should coordinate the relation between historical spatial pattern and modern urban space,making both from “going apart” to“going together”.In spatial structure renewal,the ritual system pattern of Han Dynasty should be continued and inherited to adapt to the connection with urban spatial structure.In road system renewal,within the protected range,the original roads should be kept and new roads should not be built.The “Small Block” concept should be carried out in the area under development.In spatial form renewal,some industrial enterprises should be vacated and the industrial buildings should be transformed to increase green space and create a reasonable site environment space.(5)The urban renewal in the area of historical remains should pay attention to functional activation.Through industrial upgrading and restricting,the damage from polluting industries on the historical sites and environmental style and feature should be gradually eliminated.The cultural resources of historical remains should be explored to construct cultural industry chain and forge cultural industry space of historical sites.The mixed use of functions should be applied.Other functions such as service for residents and interpretation of site display should be given consideration.(6)In the construction of site display interpretation,archaeological exploration and display use should be carried out at the same time.Site display area should be orderly opened to the public according to the conditions.