Study Of Building Adaptability And Technology Of Dwelling In North-Western China

In Northwest China there distributes vast desert, with strong continental and weak monsoon climate. The most significant and general characters are large daily and annual temperature range; strong solar radiation in summer; large sky long-wave radiation at night; dry air and scarce precipitation. In this zone of extremely changed climate, agriculture suffers from problems. As a result, less human live there and development of economy is slow.Traditional dwellings in desert region has its unique traditions and simple eco-regional conception, which could be used as reference in design of new houses in order to achieve aims for the new era, such as sustainable development, appropriate to local conditions, and ecological health.The main effect of traditional dwellings affected by humanistic factor turns out to be changes of surface, decoration and other extrinsic aspects; by natural factors, on the other side, on the internal aspects such as mass, scale, ratio of space, texture and structure, of material texture.In this paper, factors of humanistic study and social sciences are desalted, and characteristics of climate style of northwestern desert are focused, in order to explore the basic principles which should be followed in local dwellings construction.Study methods in this thesis are mainly analysis of referential literature and field research. Through literature study, basic models of vernacular buildings in typical area are abstracted, the experiences of energy efficiency and ecological adaptability is learned. Through field research, indoor physical environment is tested and analyzed, and subjective comment towards living environment is obtained by interviews.First of all desert areas in the Northwest natural conditions and human history has done a broad analysis of various factors on the impact of residential-type system for generating and summing up the various types of traditional houses desert area of common ground and differences.Second, select a typical case of Yinchuan area, the specific area they live to do a detailed analysis of meteorological data for the years to do data analysis, based on the construction of climate control theory proposed by a general climate of architectural design strategy.Again by the status quo of typical villages, research, refining Ecology from the Perspective of traditional houses prototypes; and comprehensive consideration of local economic and technological conditions, the general climate of architectural design strategy clearly refined, concrete, appropriate, step by step implementation of the residential design strategy and development mode.On this basis, designed to demonstrate a new eco-homes preliminary application of ecological design principles, and achieved certain results. Through the comparison of traditional and new residential testing and data analysis, and residents of subjective thermal sensation questionnaire, laboratory heat environmental problems, from the improved thermal performance and improve human comfort objective, to make appropriate rural residential walls, roofs, retaining structure such as doors, windows and ground improvement program.By studying the following conclusions:Building the external retaining structure as far as possible the use of local production of heavy-type self-insulation materials, doors and windows must be part of insulation thermal bridge, combined with the promotion of roof greening and green garden in summer passive evaporative cooling, increasing the efficiency of passive solar heating, integrated application regional biomass energy residential energy needs.