Study On Government Regulation In Urban Bus

Since the 1990s, with the speed of urbanization and motorization, the service provided by the urban bus could not fulfil urban economic development and public travelling any more, bus industry reform is imperative. The reform goal is to improve the operational efficiency of bus and reduce the government finance burden through the marketization. After nearly ten years of exploration, bus marketization reform has obtained some certain effect. But a series of problems also appear at the same time, such as lack of standardization of franchising, price formulation and adjustment mechanism is not reasonable, service quality supervision is not enough, law system of bus is not perfect and so on. Essentially, these problems are the results of inefficiently coordinating the contradiction between public welfare and marketability, bus operation scale economy and low efficiency of monopoly.Based on the analysis of those two contradictions, through the analysis of quasi-public goods attribute of bus, economic characteristics of natural monopoly and bus priority policy, this paper expounds the necessity of government regulation in urban bus industry. Specific ways of bus entry regulation, price regulation, quality regulation are analyzed. By means of studying on the three typical regulation models of Paris, London and Singapore, arrives at some certain revelation for domestic urban bus government regulation:legislation ahead, constructing independent regulatory organization, choosing urban bus regulation model appropriate to local conditions.According to the problems of domestic bus regulation, proposes a series of policy suggestions on domestic bus regulation:for entry regulation, implement franchise, keep certain monopoly but open markets moderately at the same time, to form a market structure where competition is ordered; for price regulation, adopt the price ceiling method, consider the benefit of both bus enterprises and passengers; for quality regulation, use contracts to regulate, ensure bus priority; in addition, establish an independent regulation system, and an effective right-balanced system, in order to further improve regulation efficiency.