Research On Ningxia's Agricultural Water Saving System

Ningxia is a drought region. Its average volume of rainfall is 292 mm and the volume of vaporization is 1296mm annually. Its drought and half drought area makes up above 3/4 of the total. It belongs to one of the serious water deficiency areas in China. In Ningxia , where is water where is an oasis, where is no water where is a desert. No irrigation no development of agriculture. Ningxia is a region mainly fed by agriculture. The water used for irrigation here accounts for 93% of the total usage. The water efficiency utilized in the Yellow River Diversion Area is less than 35%. Great potential on water saving exists. With enforcement of the strategy of the Great Development of the Western Areas, economy development, population growth and speeding up of the citylization, utilization of water will increase sharply, especially those for industry, city living and ecology instruction. Ningxia is facing a more serious shortage of supply in water. Therefore, we must support the development of industry, urban and rural building up and ecology construction by water saving in agriculture. And we must sustain the Great Development of Western Areas and the continuous economical development in Ningxia by sustainable utilization of water resources.In this paper, on the basis of the previous division way according to drainage basin and administerial area, the whole Ningxia was divided into three parts: five counties in the southern mountainous area, desert areain the middle and the Yellow River Diversion Irrigation Area. The basic condition of water resources in Ningxia and its three parts was analyzed. And the water saving system of each part was studied. This paper suggested that the surface water available in Ningxia is 4 billion cubic meters (locally surface water resources is included into the number as requirements),and ground water is 1.545 billion cubic meters, totally 5.545 billion cubic meters. Taking year 2000 as a benchmark, it analyzed the utilization condition of water resources in whole Ningxia and its each part, which turned out: the total output of water resources is 8.7198 billion cubic meters, among which 476.8 million cubic meters for industry, 8.0739 billion cubic meters for farm irrigation, 108.3 million cubic meters for city living, 60.8 million cubic meters for rural living. Based on the above, the present problems existing on the development and utilization of water resources and the usage of irrigation water in Ningxia and its each part were analyzed and studied in this paper.On the basis of water resources condition, the industry development model of deciding requirements and production according to supply was suggested .It divided Ningxia into five counties in southern mountainous area, desert area in the middle and the Yellow River Diversion Irrigation Area according to Ningxia's natural and geography condition. It suggested reasonable disposal, development and utilization, management and protection measures of water resources respectively according to the development and utilization level of water resources and agriculture development of its each part. It also forecasted the water saving condition in agriculture and suggested policy measurements and water saving system on the basis of water volume balance.