Studies On Parthenogenesis Induced By The Pollen Of Different Varieties And Genus From Wheat And Its Embryological And Genetic Mechanism In Wheat

Six 1BL/1RS male sterile lines of wheat with Aegilops kotschyi,Ae.variabilis, Ae.ventricosa-ms(k)8222,ms(v)8222, ms(ven)8222, ms(k)yanshi 9hao, ms(v)yanshi 9hao and ms(ven)yanshi 9hao were selected as female parents in the study on the seed-seting percentage and the frequency of the parthenogenesis induced by the six female parents pollinated respectively with the pollen of rye and the pollen of durum seven days after the female parents blossomed.The results were as follows:There is obvious difference of the seed-setting percentage and the frequency of parthenogenesis between the male sterile lines pollinated with the pollen from the different pollinator. As compared with the pollen of rye,the pollen of durum was better pollen in exhancing the frequency of parthenogenesis of the alloplasmic 1BL/1RS male sterile lines of wheat.Three male sterile lines, ms(v)8222, ms(v)yanshi 9hao and ms(k)yanshi 9hao were selected as the female parents. Seven days after blossoming the female parents were classified into two:one were pollinated with the pollen of rye once,another were pollinated with the pollen of rye twice.Investigation on the seed-setting percentage of the female parents revealed that the seed-setting percentage of male sterile lines couldn't be enhanced by the method of repeat pollination under the delayed-pollination with the pollen of rye.During the studies on the seed-seting percentage and the frequency of the parthenogenesis of the six female parents,the relation of the seed-seting percentage and the frequency of haploid of male sterile lines with Yanshi 9hao nucleus genotype was also studied.It was found that the relation coefficient of the seed-seting percentage and the frequency of haploid of ms(ven)yanshi 9hao was -0.46026. The results showed that there was no relation between the seed-seting percentage and the frequency of haploid and the male sterile lines with higer seed-setting percentage must not induce higer frequency of haploid.The six alloplasmic 1BL/1RS male sterile lines of wheat were pollinated respectively with the pollen of rye and the pollen of durum. The ploidy of parthenogenesis plants induced by the male sterile lines was systematically investigated. The results were asfollows: l)Rye being pollinator, the two male sterile lines type with 8222 nucleus genotype and Yanshi9hao nucleus genotype could induce parthenogenesis .But the male sterile lines with 8222 nucleus genotype induced diploid parthenogenesis, the male sterile lines with Yanshi 9hao nucleus genotype induced haploid parthenogenesis;2) Durum being pollinator, the male sterile lines with 8222 nucleus genotype couldn't induce parthenogenesis and the male sterile lines with Yanshi 9hao nucleus genotype could induce haploid parthenogenesis. There was no obvious difference between the frequency of haploid induced by the three alloplasmic male sterile lines with the same yanshi9hao nucleus genotype.lt was proved that the parthenogenesis performance of the alloplasmic 1BL/1RS male sterile lines of wheat was decided by the character of the male sterile lines firstly,was related to the interaction between the nucleus genotype and the pollinator secondly,so the good interaction combination can enhance the frequency of parthenogenesis of the alloplasmic 1BL/1RS male sterile lines of wheat to some extent.On the seventh day after emasculation, the FI combinations of common wheat varieties applied in the practice were pollinated respectively with the pollen of rye and the pollen of durum. The results were as follows:Durum couldn't induce the parthenogenesis of hybrid combinations;Rye could induce the parthenogenesis of the four hybrid combinations, 503x89150,1376x503,1376x89150 and Xiaoyan 6 haox89150,and rye was a good inducer in inducing the parthenogenesiss of hybrid combinations.In order to study the mechanism of parthenogenesis of the alloplasmic 1BL/1RS male sterile lines of wheat, ms(ven)8222 was crossed with rye under delayed-pollination and the process of the fertilization was observed embryologically.The resul...