| Effects of shading on, phenophase, growth, photosynthesis characteristics, distribution of nutrition substance, quality and mine element of wild Allium Victorialis L were researched in this paper, which aimed to make clear the physiological and ecological character of it. Thus we can regulate planting circumstance and select culture manner. Consequently we can obtain scientific proof of making full use of plant resource in China.This experiment was done in the arch canopy with overshadow web and voile net as shading materials. And the light transmission ratio were 30%,50%,70% and 100%, with A,B,C,CK as their symbol, respectively.The results showed that shading affected phenophase of Allium Victorialis .L greatly. Though sprouting stage and the leaf coming out stage were nearly the same, other stages of treatments were different with the growth of Allium Victorialis .L. Moreover the bearing period was delayed with the increase of shading extent.Given the growth aspect, there was significant difference in plant height since April 22. And the plant height of treatment A were higher than others distinctly, there was no significant difference between treatment B and treatment C, but they were both higher than treatment CK; at first the stem of Allium Victorialis X increased, then it decreased. And treatment B and C were obviously bigger than the other two ones in stem. At the same time treatment A was higher than CK.The length and width of Allium Victorialis .L enhanced in early stage, reaching maximum on May 12, then decreased. As far as the ratio of length/width was concerned, it varied in different foliage. The maximum of the first leaf was treatment C, while the second one was treatment B and the third was CK. With the augmentation of shading level, the leaf area increased. So that of treatment A was highest and there was significant difference between this treatment and the other ones, with its leaf area being 51.04cm. And there was no significant difference between treatment B and treatment C, with the leaf area being 44.28cm, 42.06cm respectively. But they both were higher than treatment CK (30.13cm). The variance of SLW and the thick of leaves of Allium Victorialis .L was the same as the length or width of it except treatment A, which decreased at first then increased. Meanwhile they decreased when the shading extent increased on April 30, afterwards those of treatment B were maximum.The number and length of root of Allium Victorialis L increased gradually. And those of treatment B were highest, treatment C being in the next place. But those of treatment A were minimum.The capacity of substance accumulation varied when shading level differed. The root weight and stem weight was similar in early stage, but after that there was significant difference. In view of the whole period, the former of treatment C was maximum and treatment A was minimum. Stem weight of treatment A increased continuously, while the others increased to some extent then decreased. And that of treatment C was maximum and CK minimum. The leaf weight augmented at first then abated, with that of treatment B being highest, treatment C in the next place and treatment CK lowest. The FW of eating part had the same trend of leaf weight. And the maximum of that were treatment B> treatment C> treatment A> treatment CK, that of each treatment was 3.012 g, 2.926 g, 2.906 g and 2.612 g, respectively.There was significant difference in R/T of Allium Victorialis L when it was edible. That of shading treatments were always higher than no shadings, at the same time it augmented with the increase of shading level. L/S increased gradually since April 15, reaching certain extent then decreasing. The effect of shading on it was the same as T/R.From April 12 to May 14 NAR of Allium Victorialis L of treatment B was highest, treatment C in the next place, treatment A and CK were much lower. With NAR being 2.005g/m~2 . d, 1.698 g/m~2.d, 1.176 g/m~2.d and 0.888 g/m~2.d, respectively. And they differed significantly.Considering photosynthesis character of Allium Victorialis L, the variance tendency of leaf temperature and that of air was essentially the same. Furthermore those of treatment CK were evidently higher than other ones. And the range of temperature variance was 1.5~4.0°C.The regular pattern of Pn and PAR was a single peak curve during the day. And Pn increased in the suitable of shading. However, Gr and Ci decreased under that circumstance. Though Tr varied like a single peak, the maximum of treatments was gained at different time. Concerning the maximum, we could know that treatment A< treatment B< treatment C< treatment CK. SUE changed a little, and the range was 0.011 ~ 0.038mmol.mol~-1 Moreover it had no obvious law, so did WUE. And WUE increased gradually before 12 O'clock then decreased.The content of chla and chlb increased in the early stage then decreased. And itaugmented with the increase of shading extent, which of light transmission ratio of 50% had maximum. Before May 15 the value of chla/chlb obeyed the rule of treatment C > treatment B > treatment CK > treatment A. Then treatment CK was minimum while treatment C maximum. Chla/chlb varied as chla or chlb.Shading had effect on quality of Allium Victorialis .L. The content of MDA and crude fiber increased continuously, but decreased when shading level augmented. On July 1 the content of MDA was 25.77umol/g (treatment A), 31.65umol/g (treatment B)* 32.22umol/g (treatment C) and 52.77umol/g (treatment CK). At that time the content of crude fiber reached maximum and there was significant difference between treatments, with that being 2.04g/100g( treatment A), 2.21g/100g( treatment B X 2.3 lg/100g( treatment C )-% 3.68g/100g (treatment CK.During the bearing period, the content of Vc and total acid decreased. And the former of treatment A (55.86mg/100g) was minimum, treatment B (75.78mg/100g) in the next place, treatment C (84.99mg/100g) higher and CK (97.49mg/100g) highest. The content of total acid increased by shading, that of each treatment was 332.82 (A), 324.67(B), 321.37(C), 208.05(CK).The content of soluble sugar and soluble protein varied like a single peak curve. And they reached the maximum on May 19, when the content of soluble sugar of treatment A was 65.38 mg-g"1, which was 93.88 percent of no shading treatment (69.64 mg-g"1) . That of treatment B and treatment C was 77.93 mg-g'1 and 73.33 mg-g"1, which was 11.9 and 5.29 percent higher than CK; the maximum of soluble protein was 21.68 mg-g"1 (treatment A) , 22.29 mg-g"1 (treatment B) ,23.9 mg-g"1 (treatment C) and 24.14 mg-g'1 (treatment CK);The content of total N, P, K, Ca increased in the early stage then fluctuated, and the change trend was different. However, the content of Mg decreased at first then also fluctuated. Shading could augmented mine element content. So the content of those increased when shading level augmented except that the maximum of total N content was treatment B.
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