Investigation Of Ecological Suitability And Spore Reproduction Of Matteuccia Struthiopteris (L.) Todaro

Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro is an herbaceous plant in Onocleaceae Matteuccia Todaro. Because it is of high value in many aspects, it has great development potential. With the increasing demand in the market, wild plants became shorter than before. In order to provide theoretical basis scientific for agricultural production, the ecological suitability of M. struthiopteris was surveyed and the spore reproduction was studied.Results showed that M. struthiopteris were around the margins of forests and the streams. They need more water in habitat. Most of them in the birch secondary were better than others. Its density, canopy widths, biomass, dry weight and water in the plant had significant differences in different community.M. struthiopteris was of plenty of proteins, celluloses and mineral elements. Studies on the nutrient composition showed that the contents of protein in the dried curly leaves and the dried stretchy leaves were 32.50% and 27.27%, the contents of cellulose in the dried curly leaves and the dried stretchy leaves were 11.11% and 26.26%. The contents of K, Ca and Mn in the curly leaves and the stretchy leaves were more than others. The biomass and the drying rate of fresh stretchy leaves were higher than that of fresh curly leaves. The output could be improved by 38.26% than before if people pick the stretchy leaves instead of the curly leaves. The stretchy leaves were better than the curly leaves in aspects of nutrition and economic.Results of studies on the spore reproduction showed that the spores became green and divorced to two cells (original cell) after sowing for 2-3 days. The original cell divorced to 4～5 cells. Those cells lined up to filament stage. There were many chloroplasts in the cells and the rhizoids growth form filament cells. After sowing for 11 days, filaments became heart-shaped gametophytes. In the mature heart-shaped gametophytes, there were many antheridimus and archegoniums. The sperms and oocytes fused to zygocytes, the zygocytes became sporophytes.Results of the test with different light intensity and different temperature showed that the environment factors with 25℃,2500 Lux were suitable for the spore reproduction. The time of the whole process was 56-58 days. The time of the formation of sporophyte was 47～48 days. Results of the test with different soil and different water content in the soil showed that the sand form river was not suitable for the spore reproduction of M. struthiopteris. The peat was best and the soil form Jing-yue-tan Forest Park was second. The humidity in the soil with 40 percents is suitable for the spore reproduction of M. struthiopteris. It was much better than others.Combined with the results of the orthogonal experiment and the agricultural production practices, the best conditions for agricultural production was 25℃,3500 Lux, soil form forest. And the humidity in the soil was 40 percents.