Treatment Of Coccidiosis In Chicken By Chinese Herbal Medicine Qiukang And Its Mechanism

Avian coccidiosis is an important disease that widely spreads with a high incidence in chicken farms and is often found in chicks at 15 to 50 days old. If not effectively controlled, the prevalence of infection will be high up to 50—70% with a mortality of 80%. Statistical analysis indicated that the annual cost caused by the disease is estimated at ï¿¡ 100 million in the world. Current control of coccidosis mainly depends on synthetic chemicals or antibiotics. The durable use of the chemical drugs in the poultry industry easily leads to the resistant strains as well as the drug residues in the chicken and their products which are harmful to humans.Many Chinese herbal medicine whom have anti-coccidia effects, with advantages of low toxicity, hardly producing resistance and residue, would have better perspection of developing. In this study, following the research of plant amedica against coccidiosis, we screening Chinese herbal medicine Qiukang prescription and carried out the research of its anti-coccidia mechanism.First, the effects of 6 complex prescriptions (from 19 Chinese herbal medicines including Sophora Roots Antifebrile Dichroa Root,Sweet Wormwood Herb,European Verbena Herb and so on) against E. tenella were studied. The results demonstrated that the anticoccidial index (ACI) of 6 preparations were 121.4.138.6.155.9,111.5. 91.4.107.4 respectively. Among them the prescription II and III had higher anticoccidial effect, the ACI of these two groups increased 75.0% and 96.8% than positive control group, and increased 13.6% and 29.5% while compare with SDM group.We planned to choose complex prescriptions III for the later research and named "Qiukang".Second, the effect of Qiukang complex prescription precossed by mini-grinding on prevention and treatment for coccidiosis were studied. In this part, we set 9 groups: Qiukang superfine powerl%, 2%, 5% and Qiukang fine power 5% groups (mixing in feed), super fine power 5g/100ml and 2.5g/100ml groups (add in water), Qiujia group (500mg/kg mixed in feed ), positive control group and negative control group.The results demonstrated that the anticoccidial index (ACI) of ultra-fine powder groups (mixed in feed by 2%,1%) and Keqiujia were 175.96, 166.89 and 163.23 respectively, which had good anticoccidial effect; While ordinary power, ultrafine powder (both 5% mixed in feeds ) and ultrafine powder groups (administrated in water by 5g/100ml and 2.5g/100ml) had middling anticoccidial effect, the ACI of them were 142.33,153.00,121.52 and 125.67 respectively.Third, the mechanism of "Qiukang" against coccidiosis were studied in vitro by observing the sporulation rate of E. tenella oocysts and the pathogenicity of E. tenella sporulated oocysts when dealed by Qiukang prescription. The result showed that 2% and 5% concentration of Qiukang dealed with E. tenella oocysts for lh> 2h and 5h could decreased the sporulation rate obviously. the sporulation rate of Qiukang (2%) dealed for 10h and 5% concentration dealed for 5h and 10h were significantly lower than 2.5% bichromicum Kalium (K₂Cr₂O₇). When E. tenella sporulated oocysts...