| Maize is one of the widespread grains that cultured in the world and it is one of "three major grains" in China.because of China is not only the large country that she producted maize but also the large country of maize seed production (the areas of Chinese maize production has been maintained about 24 million per hectare and the maize seed areas maintained about 150 thousand per hectare in recent years),so the techniques studies on maize breeding seed production and processed are very important, it can accelerate the development of Chinese maize industry ,improve abillity of Chinese maize production and protect secture of gains production. the paper analays five major elements that influenced maize seed production, elaborate and summarize main measures to improve maize seed yield, quantity and benefit from ten aspect with varieties ,the suit time to sow, density, plastic film covering for seed production, fertilize, ajust the time of blossing, pull out male spike and leave, prevent and cure disease and insect pest, chop male plant and harvest with the suit period ect. Untimate, the writer put forward some direction to developing Chinese maize seed industry.Long Nan city is located in the south of Gan Su province , she has more advantage to product maize seed which them matured midist or later period and is also the most important base to provide maize seed for southwest area, the writer is aimed at the trouble that lower yield and benefit on maize seed production in Long Nan city, passing through set up four treatment with density, fertilize, pull out male spike and leaves, harvest with the suit period experiment to imrove seeding techniques and so that we can popularize these high-yield techniques in Long Nan city. the studies of experiment results showed:(1) The yield of compact Ye Dan 13 seed production arized with density added and leaf area index (LAI) added either, when the density reached 97500 plant per hectare, the LAI was 3.34 and the yield attained 5580 lilogram per hectare, it increased 8.93 percent than constrater (the constrater was 75000 plant per hectare), soon the yield dropped with the density added.(2) fertilized nitrogen 207 kilogram per hectare and 310.5 kilogram per hectare (according to forty percent proportion in seed period and sixty percent before the time of pull out male spike) in Mian Dan 1 seed production field, the value cast ratio (VCR) was 6.0 and 5.34,we can gain 4725 kilogram per hectare and 5175 kilogram per hectare yield, also when the nitrogen was manured 414 kilogram per hectare,the yield reached 5400 kilogram per hectare, but the VCR was only 2.0, fertilizing was not value than it cost.(3) By means of experiment to pull out male spike and leaves in Ye Dan 13 seed production field, the result showed that the yield had not only dropped down, but also added up 2.63—5.26percent when pull out male spike and took away one or two leaves. However, the yield began dropped 3.50 percent when we pull out male spike and three leaves.(4) Cheng Dan 19 belong to variety that it matured later period, through experiment of different harvesting period, the result showed that the change rate of yield was only from zero to 4. 67 percent when it harvested from the time of pollinated 55 days to 65 days, but the decayed seed added and any seed daternation began dropped when harvested after pollinated 60 days.In brief, the process of maize seed production is very complexed, it has been influenced with climate ,zone, market, and man's action, the crux link to assure maize seed yield and quantity is whether we can perform these high-yield and high benefit cultivation techniques. In Long Nan city,she has abundant rain, rich quantity of head and long frost-free period, if we product maize seed according to different varieties with different high-yield cultivation techniques,we also can gain above 5250 kilogram per hectare yield.
|
PDF Full Text Request