The Benefits Monitoring And Evaluation Of Ecological Rehabilitation Project Of Soil And Water Conservation In Pingyi County

China is one of the most severe countries of soil and water loss in the world. The second remote sensing investigation of soil and water loss indicated that chiness ares of soil and water loss reached 356km², accounted for 1/3 of the country. The soil and water loss results in problems of ecological depravation, soil degeneration, mud and sand imperilment, etc, threatens severely development of chinese economy and society, and has become the most severe environmental problem of china. For the sake of speeding up the progress of soil and water loss treatment, improving ecological enviroment and effective and reasonable utilizing soil resource, Water Conservancy Department brought forward a new plan of soil and water loss treatment in 2001: the natural self-rehabilitation forces promote vegetational restoration, accelerates the soil and water loss treatment and improve the ecological environment, namely ecological rehabilitation. There were 128 counties(towns) putting in practice the ecological rehabilitation experimental unit project of soil and water conservation in the whole country in 2002. Pingyi County was one of the 3 counties of the experimental unit of Shandong province.For understanding and grasping the rules and effects of project and measures of Pingyi ecological rehabilitation improving the ecological environment, monitoring stations were estabilished in the representative typical palce of the experimental area and monitoring contents and indicators that can scientifically reflect the changing trends of the effect of improving the ecological benefits were also done in terms of the monitoring technological standards of soil and water conservation and actual circumstances of the experimental area. We had monitored the ecological benefit of the experimental area, discussed the change of soil,water,biology and atmosphere with the traditional monitor techonology and the "3S" monitor techonology. We had established a set of evaluation indicator system about ecological benefits and evaluated the ecological benefits of the experimental area with "multi-criteria decision grey relation projection method". Based on these evaluations, we had brought forward perfect advice to the experimental unit project of Pingyi ecological rehabilitation. The main results were as follows from our experimentation.(1) The effects of ecological rehabilitation of each measure in improving the ecological environment from high to low in order were soil and water conservation forest, enclosure land in steep slope, economic forest and farmland on slope, It displayed as: the modulus of soil erosion of each measure were 15.41t·km^-2·a^-1, 61.99t·km^-2·a^-1, 349.83t·km^-2·a^-1 and 3370.92 t·km^-2·a^-1; SFI of each measure were 1.233, 1.223, 0.613 and 0.543; the number of species of each monitoring plot were 8, 18, 10, 6.(2) The benefits of ecological rehabilitation were significant after 5-year treatments, the quantities of soil erosion in experimental area were reduced 89300t/a, and the modulus of soil erosion were declined from 939.10 t·km^-2·a^-1 to 529.62 t·km^-2·a^-1, the modulus of soil erosion were reduced 409.48 t·km^-2·a^-1; the quantities of soil nutrients loss were declined from 3762.02t/a to 2618.91t/a, the quantities of soil nutrients loss were reduced 1141.11t/a; vegetation coverage were increased from 41.816% to 56.860%, vegetation coverage had incerased 15.044%.(3) Referring to the other achievement and the practical experience of the evaluation indicator system about ecological benefits and combining the practicality instance of the experimental area, a set of evaluation indicator system about ecological benefits was established, some main indicators were as follow:Indicators of water environment: modulus of soil erosion; runoff module; the quantities of soil nutrients lossIndicators of soil environment: soil fertility index; bulk density; gravel content; microbe contentIndicators of atmosphere environment: CO₂ contentIndicators of biology: species richness; vegetation coverage(4) "Multi-criteria decision grey relation projection method" was used to evaluated the ecological benefits of the experimental area, the value(D_j) increased from 0.5931 to. 0.6619. The ecological benefits were greatly increased.The result of monitoring return the enunciation, there still exist some problems in the ecological rehabilitation project of soil and water conservation of Pingyi County, this text gave some suggestions for these problems.