Analysis Of Ecological Factors And Quality Indexes Of Flue-cured Tobacco In Xinyang Tobacco-growing Areas

A study was conducted for chemical components,mineral elements,smoke components and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco samples with 3 grades from Xinyang,a new developing tobacco-growing areas of Henan Province. At the same time the author have drawed lessons from international and domestic flue-cured tobacco quality evaluation system and ecological index of high-quality tobacco required.The result shows:1).Light,hot and the water resource of the Xinyang tobacco-growing areas were abundant.It is not only more rational to be distributed but also accord with the tobacco growing conditions.The average temperature,rainfall and annual total sunshine time of Lingshan are high;however,total sunshine time of May to September is a little low.The average temperature of the whole year of Xinyang is 17.6 in tobacco growing season.In May-september,the average temperature is24.8 during this period;the temperature of July and August is higher.The length of frost-free period of two areas is more than 220 days;the total rainfall of the whole year is 1127.7 mm;during May-september the rainfall is 696.7mm;the highest rainfall appears in July.The total sunshine time of the whole year is 2219.7;during May-september the sunshine time is 1132.7.2).There were 216 samples of different type tobacco soils in Xinyang,including 148 mount and hill soils and 68 paddy soils.By analysis,we found that the soil had weak acidic or neutral pH,very seemly OM,higher total nitrogen,temperate quick effective nitrogen,sufficient mid-elements such as calcium,magnesium and sulfur and microelements such as ferry,manganese and copper,catholicly lack molybdenum and chlorine contents were partly beyond standard.A fertilization principle was pospoed by the analysis results that we had to control nitrogen,lower phosphorus and add potassium,properly supplement.zinc and boracium,universally increase molybdenum and inhibit chlorine,and it was important to complement potassium and zinc nutrition.3).The content of K,Nitr/Nic,K/Cl,Sug/Nic in tobacco leaves in Xinyang areas was low;the content of nicotine was high,especially in cutters and upper leaves;the difference between the content of total sugar and reducing sugar were high too. Compared with the tobacco leaf in Brazil and Zimbabwe,pH value,the content of total sugar,nicotine,petroleum ether extract were higher;the content of K was lower. The content of reducing sugar was higher than Brazil and lower than Zimbabwe.Ash content was higher than Zimbabwe and equal to Brazil.The content of total volatile bases were equal to Brazil and Zimbabwe.4).The content of N,P,Ca,Mg,S,Cl of tobacco leaves in Xinyang areas were accorded with what the high-quality tobacco required,but the content of K was low. Compared with the tobacco leaf in Brazil and Zimbabwe,the content of N,P,K were lower;the content of Ca,Mg,S were higher;the content of Cl was equal.5).The content of TPM,tar,nicotine and CO was increasing with the position rising.Compared with the tobacco leaf in Brazil and Zimbabwe,the content of TPM, nicotine,tar were higher evidently;the content of CO was higher than Brazil and equal to Zimbabwe.6).The quality of aroma,ash colour,volume of aroma,after-taster were better; the undesirable taste and biting taste of cutters were higher;the combustibility was lower.Compare with the tobacco leaf in Brazil,Zimbabwe,the quality of aroma of the tobacco leaf of Xinyang tobacco-growing areas were slightly higher;the volume of aroma was equal to Brazil,lower than Zimbabwe slightly.It was Close to Brazil and Zimbabwe in strength;the offensive odor is higher than Brazil slightly,lower than Zimbabwe obviously;the irritating is lower than Brazil and Zimbabwe;combustibility and ash colour were lower than Brazil,Zimbabwe obviously;after-taste and total points were equal to Brazil,but lower than Zimbabwe.It is obvious that there was some difference in overall quality of the tobacco leaf between Zimbabwe and Xinyang tobacco-growing areas,especially in volume ofaroma,strength,after-taster, offensive odor,combustibility,biting taste and ash colour.7).The reasonable technical regulations of flue-trued tobacco planting in Xinyang tobacco-growing areas were put forward.