Fruit Quality Analysis And Establishment Of Shoot-tip Regeneration System In Raspberry And Blackberry

Raspberry and Blackberry belong to Rosaceae Rubus, a type of berry fruit. Theirfruit polymerization has rich nutrients. They are also rich in vitamins, amino acids andother nutritional elements. In particular, their VC and SOD (superoxide dismutase)content is high among most fruits, and their fruit belongs to high potassiumhyponatremia type. In recent years, raspberry and blackberry are popular in Europe andthe United States, as the world's thirdogeneration fruit, having broad prospects ofdevelopment. In this study, seven varieties were introduced from the Ecology Institute ofChinese Academy of Forestry, and selections suitable to develop in Hubei province werescreened. In vitro culture technology was also used to develop a high efficientregeneration system for raspberry and blackberry. The results are as follows:(1) Raspberry and blackberry can grow normally and set fruits in northernsubtropical region of Hubei province. The winter low temperature can meet the needs ofraspberry and blackberry for winter cold dormancy. No symptoms of massive leafabscission were observed during hot summer period.(2) The overall well-performed cltivars are Royalty and Heritage for rasperry, andBoysen, Tripe grown, Hull for blackberry in orthern Hubei province. These cultivars arevigorous, prolific with big, firm and long shelf-time fruits. They are also disease-resistant, and wide adaptable to soil types. Raspberry cultivars such as Summit, theirfruits are small with low commercial potential, and the tree is weak with low production,not suitable for extension in northern Hubei.(3) The fruit shape and Fruit color of the experimental varieties proved to be good inHubei province district. The average weight of each fruit is between 2.8g to 6.5g The"Boysen" and "Tripe crown" have an extremely superiorty to others in the average weight of each fruit.The "Tripe crown"have an extremelu superiorty to other experimentalbreeds in Soluble solids content.The "Tripe crown" and "Boysen" have an extremely superiority to others in Solublesugar content. The titratable acid contentof "Summit" is 1.65 percent, which has anextremely superiority to the others. "Boysen" and "Tripe crown have the largest numberin solid acid ratio and that prove that the two species have a low acid content and a bitsweet taste. "Royalty "and "Heritage have a medium solid acid ratio and that prove thatthe two species have a balanced taste of sour and sweet."Summit" has the smallest number of solid acid ratio and that prove that the"summit"has a sourer taste. The different experimental breeds have great differences ofVictamin content. "Tripecrown" and "Royalty"have got great more than the others. Theexperimental breeds contain abundant protein, and the protein content of these species isamong 59.3-80.1 mg/100GF.W. The protein content differences among "Royalty" and"Boysen",which have an extremely greater content than the others.(4) Durung April and May, one-year old shoots were used as explants for tissueculture for raspberry and blackberry. Through basal culture medium screening, differentcombinations of hormones, and optimization of culture conditions, an efficientregeneration system for raspberry and blackberry was established.(5) The most suitable medium for initiating induction is: MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IAA 0.25mg/L+GA0.1 mg/L+sucrose 30g/L+agar 7.0g/L, pH: 5.8-6.2, inductionrate was 61.9%.(6) In vitro shoots were treated by 38℃during daytime and 35℃nighttime for 40days, shoot tips of 0.8-1.0 mm in length were cultured, the survival rate was up to 46.5%.The medium for differentiation of adventitious buds was: MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IAA0.25 mg/L+GA 0.1 mg/L+CH150 mg/L+sucrose 30g/L+agar 7.0g/L, pH:5.8-6.2, the survival rate was 54.6%, proliferation rate was 5.7.(7) The most appropriate medium for proliferation was: MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+KT0.5mg/L+IBA0.2mgL+sucrose 30g/L+agar 7.0g/L, pH: 5.8-6.2; light intensity:1500-2000 LX, temperature: 23℃±2, the propagation rate was 6.3. (8) The optimized most suitable rooting medium was: 1/2MS+IBA 0.1-0.3 mg/L or1/2MS+NAA 0.3 mg/L or 1/2MS+IAA 0.5mg/L, with 30g/L sucrose, agar 7g/L, pH:5.8-6.2; rooting rate was up to 96.1%.(9) The suitable matrix for test tube acclimazation is thevermiculite: Peat coal=1:1or vermiculite: leaf mold=2: 1, Seedling survival rate was up to 95.1%, with vigorousgrowth. The acclimazation period is better in spring and autumn. During test tubeopening to acclimate plantlets, greenhouse and culture matrix sterilization by chemicaland physical methods, a better management of environmental control, fertilization andirrigation as well as disease control will effectively enhance the survival rate ofacclimated plantlets and be conducive to obtain healthy and vigorous plantlets.