The Study On Precocious Cultivation Technology Of Red Raspberry And Blackberry In Greenhouse Of Beijing Region

Raspberry and blackberry are becoming more and more popular with consumers because of the high nutritional value.In recent years,the demand for fresh fruit has increased in China.The technology of the annual production of raspberry and blackberry fresh fruit has been more mature in foreign countries,but the domestic related research is relatively small.As the capital of the country,Beijing has a large potential demand for raspberry fresh fruit and high sales price.In this study,Beijing area was taken as the treatment site.The material adopted the pot-grown plant and bare-root plant of primocane blackberry and floricane red raspberry,and the planted seedlings of blackberry.In this experiment,it carried out the breaking dormancy of seedling of raspberry and blackberry and had the investigation of the greenhouse's temperature and relative humidity.and had a test of soil constituent.In addition,it had a study about the effect of different pruning measures growth and yield of plants,and also had the study on photosynthetic characteristics of blackberry greenhouse.It is hoped to develop a set of precocious cultivation techniques for red raspberry and blackberry in Beijing area greenhouse,and promote the development of the annual raspberry production in China.The conclusion was as follows:First,the reverse low temperature insulation method?The greenhouse was covered with quilts and straw curtain in the daytime,but it did not need at night.?could make seedlings enter the dormancy early.The Pingquan country of Hebei province entered dormancy in October 27th,and Beijing Changping District was in November 17th.The time in Pingquan was 20 days earlier than that of Changping.After November 12th,Pingquan country did not need to open the quilt at night to reduce the temperature,but the Beijing area needed all the time.Second,using the techniques of precocious cultivation in Beijing greenhouse,the fruit of red raspberry and blackberry could be mature in the middle of March and be sold.Third,the pruning height and the number of floricane had a certain effect on the germination rate,the growth of floricane,the average fruit weight and the yield per plant of raspberry and blackberry.Considering the factors such as yield and plant growth,it was considered that the best combination of blackberry was the pruning height of 200 cm and 20 floricanes.The best treatment of red raspberry was pot-grown plant with the pruning height of 180 cm.Fourth,pot-grown plant's phenological period was about 7 days earlier than bare-root plant.its floricane length was about 5 cm than bare-root plant,its berry weight and per plant yeild were more higher than bare-root plant,about 1 g,300 g respectively.Fifth,the higher the growth height of the blackberry seedlings were,the higher the average single fruit weight and the single plant yield were.And the best treatment was the height of 130 cm pot-grown plant.Sixth,the net photosynthetic rate of blackberry was the highest in the Beijing area around12:00 in the winter,showing a single peak curve.The concentration of intercellular CO₂ in the greenhouse was highest at 8:00.and the lowest at 12:00.The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance on sunny days were higher than those of the cloudy day.The net photosynthetic rate of the old leaves was higher than that of the new leaf except 12 o'clock in one day.Additional light had 2 to 3 hours enhancement effect on the net photosynthetic rate of blackberry.