Base On Field Survey's Research Of Peasant Household Drought Resilience

With the development of disaster research, more and more researchers pay more attention on resilience a special element of disaster system. And meantime, relative researches were begun. Drought is an important factor which has impact on agriculture production, especially in arid and semi-arid rain- feed agricultural region and irrigated agricultural region, because some characters of drought such as lager areas, long time, and appearances slowly. After field study in Xinghe county (Inner Mongolia) and Xingtai county (Hebei province), researcher find that peasant of these regions had a stranger character-peasant household drought resilience which formed by adapting local environment. This character helps peasant recovery from drought dilemma quickly. Meantime, based on peasant household drought resilience farmers chose optimum choice and make good use of limited resources, and gain maximum output under uncertainty environment. Generally, the effects of drought are different in different landform regions. So, peasant chose different crops under different landform regions, and made sure the chose was adaptive local environment. Meanwhile, available land capacity are different in different landform, so peasant would made an optimum proportion of chose plants in limited lowlands, and this proportion could make peasant gain maximums output.Further study on peasant household drought resilience, we find some parts of drought resilience system have delicate impacts. And this study, I will analysis three factors of drought resilience system, and their function in system.At first, I analyze effects of household income diversification and given income dependence in drought resilience system. More and more income sources make peasant's household economy more stable. When drought leads one income loss, other income sources can offset this loss, and help peasant household getting rid of dilemma. In conclude more income sources make household economy more stable, and help peasant recovery quickly from dilemma. Meantime, when farmer depend on given income, household is in risk. If this income apt affected by drought, well than household would recovery more difficult. Second, wage labor is an important resource for peasant family. A traditional view is wage labor could earn more money, and more money signifies household have more chances to get through dilemma. But in reality, we find that wage labor of peasant household has delicate effect to resilience. From analysis, we find that midlife family member would contribute theirs all earning to family. And meantime, when drought comes, midlife members will return back and get through hardness time. But for most young member of family, they did not like farming so when they became wage labors, they did not return back in hardness time. Meanwhile, young wage labor's earning only contributes to family partially. Some times, family should take some money to help young member.Third, Drought consciousness is basic element of drought resilience. Peasant formed unique drought knowledge and drought attitude during they adapting their local environment. For example, infrastructure and water abundance make farmer hold an optimistic attitude. The other way round, most farmer hold pessimistic attitude. Meanwhile, we also find that landform complexity make local residents have complexity drought attitude and drought perception. But in homogeneous areas peasants'drought and drought perception is homogeneous.