| Drought disaster is one of the world's heaviest disasters, which has a worldwide affection and usually leads to tremendous loss. Presently, more than 2 billion people are suffering from water shortage. Food crops losses its production about 5 billion kilograms per year in China. In recent 5 decades, with the social economy developing and population expanding, water resources scarcity is much more severe year by year. Water resources deficiency is much heavier, and more areas are afflicted by drought. The crop area affected by drought is increasing dramatically in China.Prevention and mitigation drought disaster have becoming one of the most important tasks. It is necessary for agricultural system to recover from drought through a series of advisable measures. Therefore, studying on drought is helpful to alleviate damage.It is no doubt that drought risk is caused by traditional notions which always separating natural recourses from social system. We proved that they are interactive and correlative, especially in resilience. So studying on resilience is not only significant for taking out strategies to reduce damage but also realizing agricultural modernization, social harmony and natural resources sustainable.Agriculture had playing the most important role in Chinese economic and social development, but drought always cumbers agriculture developing in irrigation regions in HUABEI plain. Xingtai County, which located on the plain, was chose as the typical region in our study. And because Farmer is elementary in agriculture production and agriculture society, the analyses of resilience are based on the farmer'scale.Firstly, the conception of resilience to drought was advanced. Then we discussed the main characters of agricultural production, farmers'household situation and input from exterior of the system in resilience. And we compared various factors which influence the resilience to agricultural drought, and established indications of resilience assessment in certain regions. Then the model of resilience assessment could be established. We assessed resilience to drought of Xingtai County from 1998 to 2005 and analyzed the results to find out proper strategies and politics to enhance resilience.The conclusions are:(1)The resilience of agriculture drought system refers to the capacity that can recover from drought disaster losses and affection, which can be got according to positive responding activities, including the capacity of absorbing drought stress, sustaining the main function of agricultural system, self-organizing, restoring production and daily life.(2)The factors influencing regional agricultural drought system's resilience come from three dimensions, including physical ecology, human social economy and outside inputting systems.(3)By the assessment of agricultural drought system'resilience, we got the values in Xingtai county, which is between 0.15 and 0.65. The values in different regions are discrepant greatly, among which, the plain area has the highest resilient, capacity, and its score is more than 0.4. While in mountainous and hilly areas, the capacity of resilience is relatively low, and its score is less than 0.4.According to topography, values in regions on plain are more than hill more than mountainous area. According to economic satiation, the more developed, more income personally, more non-agriculture income, the better of resilience. And the comparison of resilience from 1999 to 2005 shows that resilience had been enhanced generally, but few abatement occurred in hill and mountainous areas.(4)The local terrain, land use type and intensity, and the ecology influence the resilience of agricultural drought system. The farmers'net income and ratio of income from non-farming work are the economic basic of resilience of agricultural drought system. The policy and assistance of government are helpful to enhance the resilience.(5)If we want to reduce agricultural drought at maximum level, it is necessary to carry out the integrated measures but only water-saving irrigation. Even if the water-saving measures carried out, once the irrigated water excesses of regional water resources'circulated capability, the converse succession of agricultural ecosystem and water environment would happened, the aridity would be deteriorated, the vulnerability of system would be increased, and the risk of drought would be increased. Therefore, the strategies of agricultural drought disaster reduction should be instructed by the notion of integrated risk management, and it is necessary to carry out the integrated disaster reduction pattern instead of the traditional ways. The strategies include adjusting the land use and planting structure according to the local water resources situation, developing ecological agriculture; enhancing the education to farmers, offering more opportunities for increasing the income of farmers; optimizing the integrated management on the utilization of water resources; providing subsidy and salvation according to the different influence factors of resilience to drought. |
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