| The experience of Two-line hybrid rice ,that has succeed,forcefully Promotes the research and use of Wheat PTGMS materials and provides a broad space for practice for the breeders,its also Opened up a new way for Heterosis.Many researchers try to establish two-line hybrid wheat seed production system by the use of PTGMS materials. In recent years, a series of Non-1B/1R K type male sterile wheat line were bred by He Bei-ru et al.,Who Invented the technology of Chinese invention patent 00105488.0,by means of chromosome transfer , was applied,called YS type thermo-sensitive male sterile wheat line.To compare the difference of fertility exchang critical temperature of TMS wheat lines and their genetics mechanism,thereby to breed better TMS lines that could be used in wide-range areas. Experiments were conducted in 4 aspects: Three YS type TMS wheat line ,which were Similar to the nuclear genotype,with male sterile gene from T.spelta var.duh.,and 1B/1R K-type CMS line was compared From the aspect of Chromosome composition, haploid frequency and renewable tiller fertility;The difference of fertility transform critical temperature and seed-setting rate of YS type TMS wheat lines was compared by means of different Sowing date and different ratooning date test; Anther microstructure of four K-type male sterile lines was observed to stuy their Pollen abortion characteristics and the period; SSR markers was conducted an investigation in four K-type male sterile lines and spelta to exploration the reasons of their thermo-sensitive characteristics difference form the molecular aspects.The main results were as followed:1. Compared with 1B/1R K-type CMS line K3314A, the YS type TMS wheat line A731, A732, A733, Which were transferred the same major Thermo-sensitive gene form 1B chromosome of T.spelta var.duh., have no haploid produced, and have thermo-sensitive Characteristics, these properties will be helpful to use them in two-lins hybrid wheat production system.2. There is a certain difference among the fertility exchang critical temperature of A731,A732 and A733, the fertility exchang critical temperature of A731,A732 and A733 was 18.92 ,17.90 and 18.54℃, respectively. When under different fertile condition there were different fertility-restoration level,which was irrelevant with their fertility exchang critical temperature value. Thermo-sensitive of three sisters lines,which contained the same major thermo-sensitive gene,was difference,It indicated that the genetic mechanism of selfed seed rate of YS type TMS wheat line was quite complicated.3. Anther microstructure of YS type TMS wheat line and 1B/1R K-type CMS line K3314A showed that anther content of YS TMS lines under low temperature conditions was less than under high temperature conditions and anther wall damaged more serious,Pollen structure and shape anomaly occurred in both mononucleate stage and dinucleate stage, in which was the crucial period of Pollen abortion of YS type TMS wheat line;While Pollen structure and shape anomaly of K3314A,which is 1B/1R K-type CMS line,occurred in trinucleate stage; Abortion characteristics of three YS type TMS line anther were similar to the basic trend,which was mainly with coloration abortion,while K3314A anther was mainly with both coloration abortion and typical abortion.4. DNA polymorphism amplification of Spelta and four CMS lines was conducted by use 19 pairs primer in 1Bs chromosome, A total of 97 Strips was amplified,among them there were 48 Strips (49.5 percent) in this five materials showed polymorphism,Each primer can be amplified in the range of 1~ 8 Strips,5.1 Strips averagely. Further screening,4 pairs primer were obtaineded with visible polymorphism in these three YS type TMS wheat line,Reached 21.1%,Fragment length in the range of 100~300 bp. According to the polymorphisms information content (PIC)of this five material,The descending order can be identified as, Spelta, K3314A, A732, A733, A731. The Relations between difference of YS type TMS wheat line thermo-sensitive characteristics and this result deserves further study...
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