Effects Of Growth Stage And Temperature On Growth And Metabolite Of Essential Oil Of Fennel

This paper studied the change of growth of fennel, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, chlorophyll content, quality and content of essential oil of fennel and so on with different growth temperature, storage temperature, nodes of leaves and the process of seed growth, learned about the effect on growth and metabolite of essential oil of fennel with temperature and the growth stage, and analyzed the correlation of physiological indexes. The results show that the growth of fennel is significantly different under different temperature. The root grows better in low temperature, while the branches and leaves grow better on the opposite condition of temperature .The plant put up over-growth at a higher constant temperature. And it has a healthy growth in variable temperature of 25℃/ 15℃. The temperature has more effect on soluble sugar content than the content of total nitrogen, protein nitrogen and total carbon. The content of soluble sugar of fennel is more if the temperature is suitable for growth. In isothermal temperature of 20℃～30℃, temperature has little effect on the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid, but the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid is much more in variable temperature 25℃/15℃than isothermal temperature. The content of essential oil have no significant difference while fennel grows at different temperature, but the quality increase with the temperature rising, and there is more quality on the condition of variable temperature than the condition of constant temperature. The content of major component–(E)-Anethole is more on the condition of variable temperature than the condition of constant temperature and on the condition of constant temperature of 20℃～25℃than the condition of constant temperature of 15℃or 30℃. The content of total nitrogen, protein nitrogen, total carbon, soluble sugar, chlorophyll and carotenoid of fennel reduced with mature and aging increasing of leave, increased with nodes'rise. And C/N ratio increased with mature increasing of leave, reduced with node rising. The quality and content of the essential oil have little diversity in fennel leaves in different periods and different nodes. The quality of the essential oil in mature leaves is higher than young leaves and ageing leaves. The content of (E)-Anethole changed with leaf age and nodes which was in accordance with the content of the essential oil. In the process of seed germinating, essential oil of seed coat and embryo varies significantly. The essential oil in fennel seeds mainly existed in the seed coat. Especially, the content of (E)-Anethole is very low in embryo. The essential oil in embryo increased with the seed germination and birth of new plants. The quality and content of the essential oil in fennel seeds have no obviously change after six months storage. Through the analysis of essential oil content and the morphological, physiological indicators show that the content of essential oil of fennel is significant negatively correlated with soluble sugar content. And it has significant positive correlation with its major component–(E)-Anethole and oxygenated compounds.