Occurrence Regularity And Non-pollution Control Of Flies And Mosquitoes On Pleurotus Geesteranus

The article took the common Pleurotus geesteranus as the research object around MinQing,Fujian province,investigated pest species in the production,found out their annual occurrence of the total mushroom mosquitoes and flies and the major species,as well as the characteristics of the major pest species.We choosed different factors of color of colorimetric plate,density of arrangements,height of arrangements,time of arrangements etc to determine the control efficiency of the major pests of Diptera.We also analysised the effect of light trapping,colorimetric plate trapping and black light lamp plus colorimetric plate on the yield of Pleurotus geesteranus and the injury rate of larvae.Toxicity test was conducted with several B.t strains against larvae of Bradysia minpleuroti,Finally we obtained one strain with better effect,and we optimized shake flask media inoculated.At the same time,we discussed non-pollution control techniques of edible fungi production and provided a theoretical and practical basis,the results were summarized as felows:1.Species investigation and occurrence of mushroom mosquitoes and flies in the mushroom house of Pleurotus geesteranusIn the area of MinQing,the common mushroom mosquitoes and flies included:Bradysia minpleuroti Yang et Zhang,Scatopsesp.,Mycophila fungiccla,Megaselia sp, Drosophila melanogaster; Lycoriella sp,Scatop se sp and Megaselia sp were the dominant species because their population was large and they were harmful.There were two peak periods of appearance of pests each year:one is the time from the beginning of March to the beginning of June,the other is from the mid-september to the beginning of November. 2.Physical control of mushroom mosquitoes and fliesWe made the preliminary research of trapping effect to mushroom mosquitoes and flies by the color of colorimetric plate,density of arrangement,height of arrangement and time of arrangement,the results showed that the colorimetric plate had a certain trapping effect to mushroom mosquitoes and flies,different colorimetric plate had different control efficiency,better performance for the yellow template,followed by gray template,and white,purple and blue template less effective;Control efficiency of yellow traps with different chromatic aberration was not significant;Compared with three templates,two templates,one template in the square of 4m2,the trapping effect of placing 4 templates in 4m2 was better and the difference was significant.There was a marked impact by colorimetric plate of where to place the effect of luring insects, the attracted number of adults on the bottom of template 30cm above the top of mushroom shelves have the best results.9:00-13:00 was the best trapping time during the day,and the trapping effect of night of light on better than during the day.Light trapping was an important method of insecticidal activities.The article studied the control efficiency of light with several different colors,the results showed that frequency trembler grid lamp had better trapping effect,and the difference was significant。frequency trembler grid lamp and light trapping device were both widely used insecticidal activities device,we discussed their difference among insecticidal activities number,insecticidal activities types and the costs.The results showed that there was no significant difference.The article also made evaluation of control efficiency of frequency trembler grid lamp,colorimetric plate,black light lamp plus colorimetric plate,the results showed that colorimetric plate could decrease larva destructs by 15.33%,and increased yield by 12.2%;frequency trembler grid lamp could decrease larva destructs by 14.0%,and increased yield by 10.98%;black light lamp plus colorimetric plate could decrease larva destructs by 13.3%,and increased yield by 9.76%.3.Biological control of mushroom mosquitoes and fliesThrough the eight strains for Bradysia minpleuroti Yang et Zhang larva of toxicity determination,we found Bti91019 had good results by the concentration of dilution in 250 times and 500 times, the correction mortality was 82.76%t and 62.07% in 72 h.The other seven strains tested invalid.In this paper,we studied the culture medium optimization,and probed out the best medium and the best culture conditions,that was:commeal 1.0%,soybean cake powder 2.5%,yeast extract 2.0%,fishmeal 2.0%,peptone 0.4%,KH2PO40.5g/L,CaCO3 4.0g/L, MgSO4.7H2O 0.5g/L,ZnSO4.7H2O 0.02g/L;inoculum size 2.0%,pH7.0,liquid volume in flask 25ml,culture temperature 30℃.