Effect Of Organic Substrate Cultivation On The Growth, Yield, And Quality Of Ginger

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is Chinese major exports of vegetables. Because of its long growing period, growth rate, demand for the mineral elements, it is more than the production of large amounts of fertilizer applied to maintain the production of ginger. However, the amount of fertilizer is too high, not only a waste of resources, but also leads to soil compaction, soil-borne diseases spread, seriously affecting the quality of ginger production. In this paper, the'Laiwu ginger'as the test material, the soil of organic growth and development of ginger cultivation and production quality and some physiological characteristics of the relationship between soil organic cultivation of ginger on the law of the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and established by computer simulation of high yield and good quality ginger organic soil recipe. Computer simulation tests will be derived from soil organic O-Soil as a formula to deal with conventional soil cultivation for Soil treatment, major findings are as follows:1. The effects of different organic substrate formulas on growth of ginger were studied with the design of the double saturated D-optimal regression. A mathematical model was developed, in which the content of corn straw and available NPK in substrate were independent variables, and ginger yield and quality were dependent variables, respectively. The results show that the effects of corn straw on ginger yield and quality are greater than those of the available NPK. Under the low level conditions, ginger yield and quality increase with the contents of corn straw and available NPK in organic substrate. When the content of available NPK is 2588 and 1468 mg·kg-1, the yield and quality of ginger reach the highest 75.98 t·hm-2 and 88.17, respectively; and when the content of corn straw is 41.5%, ginger yield reaches a record high 82.50 t·hm-2, then ginger yield gradually reduces with the increase of corn straw and available NPK content; however, the optimum ginger quality is 98.02 with 50.0% corn straw content. The optimum organic substrate formulas calculated by computer are 35.6%~46.0% corn straw content and 2238~3180 mg·kg-1 available NPK content.2. Organic soil physical and chemical properties of soil significantly superior to Daejeon is conducive to plant growth and yield of ginger improved. Ginger harvest, organic soil cultivation of plant height, stem diameter, branch number, leaf number, respectively, than the 9.81 percent increase in cultivated soil, 9.95%, 16.33%, 17.14%, plant roots, stems, leaves, root fresh weight, respectively, over soil cultivation to increase 28.11%, 29.60%, 36.30%, 20.39%. Yield of Soil and O-Soil of ginger were 79.89 t·hm-2 and 65.97 t·hm-2 respectively, the former was 21.09% higher than later. In addition, O-Soil cultivation could significantly increase both the content of naphtha and gingerols and quality of ginger.3. Ginger seedling stage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake less vigorous stems and leaves of the rapid increase in uptake, root uptake rate expansion period declined. In seeding stage and stem and leaf vigorous growth stage nitrogen, phosphorus were mainly distributed in leaves and K in stems, roots enlarged view of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were mainly found in rhizomes. Ginger cultivation on soil organic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake of soil cultivation, respectively, than the increase in soil 14.92%, 18.84% and 19.32%, and increased the ginger on the phosphorus and potassium absorption ratio of soil organic cultivation of ginger whole growth period of the (N) phosphorus (P2O5) potassium (K2O) the absorption ratio of 1:0.29:1.20, respectively, using the efficiency of 33.08%, 18.13%, 25.75%. The absorption ratio of daejeon cultivated soil nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5) and Potassium (K2O) were 1:0.27:1.13.4. Organic soil cultivation significantly slowed down the aging of ginger, the content of carotenoids, chlorophyll of leaves, root activity with varying degrees of increase in the protective enzyme activities significantly. Such as ginger growing to 150 days, carotenoids, chlorophyll content of O-Soil were 15.52%, 14.90% higher. O-Soil root activity was increased 19.24%, SOD, POD, CAT, NR activity of O-Soil were 36.80%, 36.27%, 21.01%, 15.82% respectively. MDA content in O-Soil was decined 31.18%. When ginger growed 150 days, net photosynthetic rate of O-Soil was 9.17% higher than Soil. The difference reached largest harvest for 13.68%.