| Background and ObjectiveSince 1940 Jeffersons first introduced the concept of "Invasive Pituitary Adenomas", the incidence of invasive pituitary adenomas constantly increases from the original 10%-20% to as high as 85% reported by Selman in 1986,generally the invasive incidence is regarded as about 35%. Currently studies on the micro vessel density(MVD) in invasive pituitary adenomas had done a lot abroad and domestic, but the opinion is not yet uniform. The majority view tends to MVD does not represent the invasion of pituitary adenomas, or may just represent some subtypes.As a new discovered vascular endothelium marker in 1985, CD105(endoglin) strongly reacts with the newborn vessels in tumors, and stains vessel located mainly at the edge of tumors. Compared with the general vascular endothelium marker such as CD31, CD34, CD105 is more specific and considered as a proliferation markers in vascular endothelium. The present study has confirmed the expression of CD105 positively correlates with the malignant grades, recurrence incidence in a variety of tumors. The specific character of CD105 shows great potential value in detecting MVD in pituitary adenomas. Currently about expression of CD105 in pituitary adenomas hasn't been studied yet abroad or domestic, the objection is to identify the specificity of CD105 compared with the traditional MVD marker CD34 in marking MVD and study the relationship between MVD and the invasion of pituitary adenomas.Materials and MethodsReference to the MRI examination before operation and intraoperative records, 38 cases of pituitary adenomas were divided into 2 groups by the following standards: 1) whether the tuomor invaded the parasellar structure. 2) whether it had invaded to the sphenoid sinus, the clivus or the dorsum sellae. Out of 38 cases, 17 cases devided into the non-invasive group and the remaining 21 cases in the invasive group. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect MVD in pituitary adenomas respectively by the vascular endothelium marker CD105,as well as the traditional MVD marker CD34. SPSS(Ver.11.0) was used to analyze the significance of MVD detected by CD34 and CD105. and the the relationship between MVD and the invasion of pituitary adenomas as well.Results(1) CD34 expressed strongly in pituitary adenomas, both in the non-invasive and invasive group. Tumor vessels stained into brown were found with clear background. Some large vessels (diameter >8 RBC or with smooth muscle) were also stained strongly, hot spot can be seen everywhere. Expression of CD105 in pituitary adenomas was obviously weaker than CD34. Vessels formed by several endothelial cells were weakly stained, and the background was not very clear. No large vessels(diameter >8 RBC or with smooth muscle) was stained , the expression was located in the tissue edge, hot spot was difficult to find, 15 out of 38 cases (39.5%) were difficult to find the hot spot, MVD counted less than 15, 7 cases (18.4%) vessels were not stained, the MVD had to count as 0;(2) MVD detected by CD34 and CD105 in non-invasive group was 38.07±13.21,19.53±15.17, as well as44.72±16.05,20.86±15.82 in the invasive group. MVD detected by CD105 is obviously lower than CD34, both in non-invasive group (t=3.80,P<0.01) and invasive group(t=4.85,P<0.01). MVD shows no statistical significance in the two groups, neither detected by CD34(t=1.372, P>0.05) nor by CD105(r=0.263, P>0.05).Conclusions(1) CD105 expresses weak in pituitary adenomas. As a new endothelium cell marker, CD105 is a better specific endothelium cell marker than CD34;(2)MVD doesn't correlate with the invasion of pituitary adenomas, neither detected by CD34 nor CD105, vascularization may not be an important reason for the invavision of pituitary adenomas;(3)MVD doesn't correlate with the invasion of pituitary adenomas may be an important reason for low metabasis and canceration of invasive pituitary adenomas.CD105 may be a marker indicating the tumors' invasion.
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