| Objective: Gastric carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors which harmful to human's health, accounting for the first carcinoma mortality. the prognosis is very poor, for advanced gastric carcinoma, 5-year survival rate is only 20%. The molecular signaling pathways , clinical features , epidemiology, genetics, pharmacology and so on , which have been researched in gastric carcinoma deeply. COX-2 is a key enzyme which involves in arachidonic acid metabolic pathway. under physiological conditions COX-2 is almost not expressed or expressed mildly, but is rapidly synthesized by the stimulation of various growth factors, cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and promote tumor factors, hormones, mitogens, subsequently by promoting the expression of prostaglandins COX-2 involves in many pathophysiological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, angiogenesis and immune evasion, all processes of these are involved in the tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis. MMP-2 is one of the proteolytic enzymes family members and widely expresses in many normal tissues. It involves not only in the process of reproduction, ovulating , inflammation and wound repair, but also in some tumor cells'activities such as cell adhesion, migration, degradation of extracellular matrix and angiogenesis and then affects the tumor's ability of invasion and metastasis. MMP-2 was found over-expressed in many tumor tissues, it can regulate cell adhesion and migration, involved in tumor cell extracellular matrix degradation and tumor angiogenesis, one of the important elements which involved in tumors invasion and metastasis. the relatively coincidental viewpoint about the studys of COX-2 and MMP-2 in gastric carcinoma is that they interact each other and influence tumor occurrence and development, and are closely related to the tumor invasion depth, lymphatic and vascular metastasis. However, the relationships between the expression of them in gastric carcinoma with the tumors differentiation, tumors staging and other clinical characteristics of tumors are still controversial. to research the expression of them in gastric carcinoma, analysis the relationship of them with a variety of clinical and pathological characteristics of gastric carcinoma, for further clarifying the mechanism for the gastric carcinoma, recommending early diagnosis markers and supplying useful early-treatment to the patients is the main purpose of this experimental study.Method :In this study, using immunohistochemical method (Two Stage Method)examined the expression of COX-2 and MMP-2 in 51 Postoperative tissue samples of patients with gastric carcinoma, including 51 cases of gastric carcinoma tissues, 51 cases of normal tissues (distally operation stump from the tumor) as control, according numeration data calculated positive rate, Using the SPSS 13.0 software, by Chi-square tested the difference of expression positive rate in different groups, and analysised the correlation of COX-2 and MMP-2 with row-multiply-column tables by Chi-square test, Set P<0.05 for statistically significant.mothed of counting positive cells for experiment: randomly observed five fields of vision for each tissue section in High power microscope (400 times), each field counted 100 cells, cytoplasm appears brown or brown granules as positive cells,calculating the average percentage of positive cells per slice and in accordance with the percentage of positive cells in the slice dividing slices sub-3:≤10% within the cytoplasmic or nuclear staining for non-expression (-), number of positive cells of 11-50% for low expression, number of positive cells of 51-100% for high expression, took low expression and high expression as positive expression. The positive expression rate = number of positive cases / total number of cases×100%.Result:COX-2 positive expression in cytoplasm-based, MMP-2 positive staining in cytoplasm mainly, membrane can also be a small amount of expression. Positive cells were distributed in the forms as below: (1) Scattered: Single cells were scattered in the positive reaction, (2) Point-like distribution of foci: Positive cells in some regions was gathering spots, (3) Dispersed: Lesion in the regions the majority of cells were positive staining, there are strong and weak positive staining even in the same tissues section. (Fig 2-5).1. the expression positive rates of COX-2 and MMP-2 in gastric carcinoma and normal tissues are 74.5% (38/51), 43.1 (22/51) and 66.7% (34/51), 13.7% (7/51) respectively, there are notably difference or statistical significance in both tissues, P< 0.05. (table 1).2. Expression of COX-2 and MMP-2 in gastric carcinoma tissues have non notably related to gender, diseased region, differentiation degree, pathology categories, lymphaden transfer, infiltrate depth and clinic staging, P>0.05. (table 3 and 4).3. The expression of COX-2 are related to MMP-2 in the gastric carcinoma. P=0.019 <0.05, the Pearson column connection number C = 0.330 (Table 5).Conclusion:1. Expression difference of COX-2 and MMP -2 in the gastric carcinoma and normal tissues shows they are closely related to the occurrence of gastric carcinoma.2. Expression of COX-2 and MMP-2 in gastric carcinoma tissues may have non related to gender, diseased region, differentiation degree, pathology categories, lymph node transfer, infiltrate depth and clinic staging notably.3. COX-2 coordinates with MMP-2 involving the occurrence and progress of gastric carcinoma.
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