On The Study Of East Yunnan Famous Scholar He Guizhen's Neo-Confucianism And Statecraft Thoughts In The Later Qing Dynasty

During the emperors Jiaqing and Daoguang period in Qing dynasty, the rulers could not control the feudal despotism culture as harsh as before. The intellectuals could express their ideas freely and make a plan for the country. They required to get rid of the traditional Confucianism, transferred to the study of putting into practice, advocated that the research study of history was a tool of practice, They began to face the reality, exposed the weakness at that time, concerned about people, carried out the reform.He Guizhen always exalted Confucianism, spoke highly of sinology, After entering in imperial official, he paid more attention to the social problems, focused on the use of study. He Guizhen was a scholar who believed in the idealist philosophy in Song dynasty and also made a study of sinology. Kept the track of Cheng and Zhu's main idea, and managed to understand the spirit fully and put into practice himself. Contributed the success to it, changed it with reasonable basis, found the evidence from the writings, required the experience from the professionals. There were a great number of successors who often communicated with him and hundreds of people were eager to visit him. Among them were Mr. Wo Ren in changbai mountain, Mr.Wu Zhuru in mountain he. When he was the official in the palace, Mr.He Wenzheng in shizong county, Mr Zeng Guofan in Hunan province, Mr. Douxu in luoping county talked about the situation and preached frequently. At that time he usually made a study with Mr. Wo Ren, Zeng Guofan, Wu Tingdong, Douxu, Shao Yucheng and Chen Yuangun, together with Tang Juan. They discussed repeatedly and often made an argument over their point of view. But He GuiZhen's neo-Confucianism changed along with the current situation and bodied forth the characteristics of foundation, emphasized making the chaos situation to be a peaceful one. He thought the reason for the country's disability was the officials just had a empty talk about the management and never carried it out. Ming dynasty deceased because of the discourse on an academic subject, it was not the discourse that should be blamed but what was learned was not upright. Therefore he thought maintained the morality was the upright academic subject, that was insisting the neo-Confucianism, strengthening the feudal ethics, the feudal principles. dispersed the people into a no desire situation, controlled the people to obey the feudal moral norms in order to make a peaceful country from the chaos situation.He Guizhen earnestly pursued the feudal ethics criterion of the principle, Advocated the usage of the idealist philosophy and integrity self-discipline, got rid of the empty talks..Strengthen the highlight of self-cultivation, such as putting his words into practice, combining what he learned with his words and action so as to be used for the love and morality in order to realize the neo-Confucianism. Hereon, he made it clear that he opposed the sinology separated from the reality, the deceitful trick and empty talks of the idealist philosophy in Song dynasty, He proposed to make what had learned practicable in the daily diet, the morals of the son,people, brothers and friends. and then achieve to manage state affairs, peace the world. He proposed that learning should serve the country and it's people, distinguish good or evil to maintain the rule of feudalism and showed a strong sense of anxiety and social responsibility. He thought the basic moral lies in new-Confucianism, that was the study of self-cultivation, Understanding the self-cultivation could deal with all the problems according to the criterion of the principle. He advocated that people should be sincere and fair, focused on the sincere and honesty, people should be moral to pursue the spirit of the heavenly principles. The purpose was to require the government of Qing dynasty to rectify the army, eliminate the weak and maintain the strong, to improve the effectiveness in order to suppress peasants uprising effectively. He hoped the government of Qing dynasty to rectify the official system, to eliminate the excessive exaggerated talks in order to prevent the provincial people's response to the Taiping rebellion. This was his specific performance of making the chaos situation to be a peaceful one by his moral to save the Confucian class, practiced his statecraft thoughts.Not only did He Guizhen put into practice but also extended his practice of personal accomplishment, individual moral self perfection to the whole society. Made everyone constrain their words and deeds. So the whole society could follow the moral rules and had no regret for their behavior, even the Emperor would put it into practice by himself. From the individual self-cultivation to extend the moral to manage the country and his people. dated from cultivating his morality initiative, and offers to others finally. Tu Zongyin who went through fire and water with him described He Guizhen in his book entitled one thousand words to teach the young generation as follows:Mr. He wasn't just loyal to the country, his widen knowledge, his loyalty to the emperor, his courage to the dangerous situation, his strictness in the morality, he was very competent in solving the problems. What he has done could be treated as an very good example for the young generation to follow. In fact, in the more and more serious social contradictions and social crisis, not only did the sinology which was separated from reality can meet the needs of the landlord ruling class, but also the idealist philosophy in Song dynasty which was just empty talks couldn't deal with the facing crisis.The study of He Guizhen's thought and practice activities has positive significance on understanding the transition which China changed from feudal society to semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, modern Chinese political and economic research trend, and even to the construction of socialist spiritual civilization and Yunnan ethnic culture province construction.