| In this paper, we analyze the background, content, the causes of failure, consequences and lessons of Gorbachev's reforms and more clearly show the readers for better understanding of the socialist reform. This paper consists of four parts:Part I: the background of Gorbachev's political reform. Gorbachev is the majority of the people took to the cheers of the highest leadership positions of the Soviet Union, and is considered as the best candidate to change the status of the Soviet Union.Part II: the main content of Gorbachev's political reform. Political reform in the Gorbachev period was under "new thinking" guiding ideology, whose main content is based on "new thinking" to identify and implement and expand by "open", "democratization" and "diversity". Parliamentary system replaced the Soviet system; multi-party system replaced the Communist Party leadership; leading system reform and electoral reform.Part III: the failure of political reform during Mikhail Gorbachev period. There are many reasons for the failure of Gorbachev's political reform including practical and historical reasons, ideological reasons, and arrangements and measures, and many other aspects reasons,Part IV: the consequences and lesson of Gorbachev's political reform. Gorbachev's political reform not only had a huge influence on Soviet Union, but also provided valuable lessons for other socialist countries. The main consequences are to accelerate the ruling power out of control; cause ideological confusion; accelerate the collapse of the socialist system; crumble the party organization and exacerbate the intensification of ethnic conflicts. The main lesson and revelation for us are as follows: the socialist reform should be guided by Marxism, the Communist Party's leadership; reform should be conducive to social stability, uphold the socialist road, political reform measures must conform to national conditions.There are many social contradiction not only in capitalist society but also in socialist society. Therefore, socialism is also need to resolve these contradictions through some appropriate reforms. Gorbachev's political reforms has left many lessons for other socialist countries. We summarized through in-depth thinking, has reached the purpose of avoiding disadvantages. |
