A Study Of The Semantic Features Of Desiderative-Adjectives In Modern Chinese

The desiderative-feature is a kind of features, which show in the meaning of constructions after the adjectives enter specific sentences. It's a dynamic concept. In the specific sentences and contexts, it expresses the desiderative-subject has the wish or desire to have (or cause to have), adjust the degree or avoid the properties that the adjectives express. To study the basic semantic features of the desiderative-adjectives is a new dynamic approach to make a deep research on the adjectives in Mandarin. It demands to inspect the adjective in specific sentences and context.This paper contains three main parts:First, discuss the explanation and cognitive features of the desiderative-feature and desiderative-adjectives. In the imperative sentences whose construction meaning express the speaker want the listener's own thinking or acts, or the objects controlled by his acts to or not to show some kind of properties. The constructions it appears must contain four key elements: the desiderative-subjects, the desiderative actor, the desiderative-approaches and the desiderative-objects.Second, make the formative frame as a desiderative-filter to nature adjectives and status adjectives. By using the filter, we can collect most of the desiderative-adjectives. Nature adjectives and status adjectives have much difference. So we design different frames. As the status adjectives' forms are contrastively complicated, the paper discusses especially on the influence the form of the status adjectives to the expression of the desiderative-feature.Third, attract the sub-semantic features of the desiderative-feature by using the method of semantic direction. The desiderative-adjectives are a result of entering sentences, so the feature will appear in the relationshipbetween the words appeared in the sentences. Meaning direction is just such kind of methods to enclose the common semantic features of the whole sentences and correlative relation. Through analysis the paper attract four semantic features: [animacy], [controllable](in broad sense): including [volitional] and [controllable] (in narrow sense), [self-varying/causative], [co-origin], [affective].Besides all of these, the desiderative-adjectives are also under the restriction of other relative characters. Such as region features, number features, syllabic features and the features of the grammar components.