| The nature is colorful. The colour words like a rainbow that penetrate the language. Besides to demonstrate the beauty of the nature, these colour words further embody the cultural implications, namely the thinking ways, the social custom, the regional convention, the ethic, the psychology, the historical tradition and so on. The Vietnamese is a kind of language that is rich and colourful just like the Chinese. Red, Yellow, Green, Blue, White, Black and Grey are not only the names of the colours, they are also employed to express the thinking and feeling of humans, the characters of changeable things. The extensive use of the colour words in the language makes the language more lively, more visual and more emotive. But because the difference between the Chinese culture and the Vietnamese culture, the symbolic meaning and transferred meaning of the colour words are different in these two languages. So, in order to understand the two diffenrent cultures better, and to employ the colour words in the two languages correctly, the thesis will describe and compare the below aspects of the basic colour words in the two languages: the form, the meaning, the grammar and the usage. The thesis is composed of four parts:Part 1 : To sum up and describe the meaning aggregations of the colour words in the Vietnamese and the Chinese. The main methods and processes are: (l)To divide and identify the meaning aggregations of the colour words in the two languages. (2)To determine the levels and parameters of the analysis. (The parameters include: the tonality, the lighteness, the thickeness, the mixed colours and the other sensation.) (3)To analyse the meaning of the colour words, to extract the related semantemes. (4)To represent the result with the signs and the charts. (5)To demonstrate the anisomerous semantemes in the two languages with the theory of code, and to interpret the forms of phrase of these semantemes in the two languages.Part 2 : According to the theory of the cultural linguistics, languages and cultures affect an restrain each other. Different nations, different cultures and different social system all endue the colour words with rich connotations, so the meanings of the basic colour words in the two different languages have resemblances and differences. There are four conditions: the meanings are corresponding, partly corresponding, asymmetric, andvacant.Part 3 : To understand the differences and samenesses of these colour words in structures and meanings in the two languages. Both in Vietnamese and Chinese, the principal characters of the words are showing the colours with the things, being metaphorical and mobile. No matter in which of these two languages , the synthetic colour words are mosttly composed of the neuter and the adjunct. But in Chinese, the neuter is in the front, and the adjunct is in the back, in Vietnamese, their sequence is inverse.Part 4 : (l)To compare the grammatical characters of the colour words in the two languages. The result reveals that there are more samenesses and less differences. The colour words always act as the subject, the predicate, the object, the complement and the attribute in Chinese. The case is almost same in Vietnamese, the only difference is that there isn't the object. In Vietnames, the element after the verb and the adjective is named as complement. And the attribute is located after the noun in Vietnamese, but before the noun in Chinese. (2)Because of the similarity of the enviroment and the anthropotomy, the persons' perceptions to the colour words are alike. Therefore the functions of the colour words are essentially same in the two languages. The main functions are showing the colours (to describe the objective colours) and showing the emotions (to demonstrate the subjective experiences).This study have very important practical significances, it can facilitate the language teachings of the colour words in the two countries, the disposal of the colour words in the edit of the language dictionaries, and the interpretation of these colour words.
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