On The Rural Cooperatives Movement Of National Government

Around the May 4th Movement of 1919, the western corporatism spread to China through the returned students and the socialism scholars. Cooperatism propagandists believed that China should implement it because the cooperative society was beneficial to the poor's economic organization. As the increasing generalization of the attention paid on rural problems by all classes of society, the cooperatism propagandists gradually changed the attention from the city to the countryside. In the process of exploring the combination of the west cooperatism and the Chinese countryside society, special attention was paid to credit cooperative in rural areas. Many scholars held that credit cooperative was the fist step to the radical change in Chinese countryside society and the state-organized credit cooperative and developing rural cooperative movement was the only way to reform China. It was in the progress of exploring the combination of the west cooperatism and the Chinese countryside society that China's early cooperatisms did not focus on the urban consumption, instead, they focused on the rural society, then realizing the"localization"of western cooperatism in China and finally laying solid theoretical foundation for the Nanjing national government's rural cooperatives movement.The rapid development of rural credit cooperative organized by the HuayangZhenzai meeting attracted government and those who were concerning with rural to open rural cooperatives in countryside, resulting in rural cooperation movement in the Republic of China era. It provided beneficial model for the later cooperation movement in the respect of person with ability, theory and technique, extending the modern financial organ to the rural areas, exerting certain influences on the renaissance of rural area.In the early 1930s, the tradition lend-load relation ship withered gradually as a result of nature and man-made disasters. The traditional countryside lend-load relations such as Pawning industry was feeble, which made impoverished farmers have no way load,National government's countryside polices involved wide content, such as the countryside society's developing policy. the agrarian policy, the agricultural product trade policy, the countryside tax policy, agricultural technique promotion policy, rural education and scientific research policy and so on. Rural...