Studies On "the Combination Of Japanese, Chinese And English" From Phonetic Teaching Perspective

The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English is a textbook for Japanese learning Beijing Mandarin during the last epoch of Qing Dynasty compiled by Japanese scholars. It is an important work about the nineteenth century's Hesperian depictive linguistics and comparative linguistics combining with the research of Beijing Mandarin. This book adopts the contrastive method in Japanese, Chinese and English. Japanese katakana and Roman words are used in this book to note the pronunciation, which reflects the characteristic of phonetic system about the Beijing Mandarin of the period of Ming Zhi. Through painstaking research it is to probe into Japanese scholars's Chinese phonetic teaching situation during the Ming Zhi period of Japan, which have important value.But academia is limited in introducing synoptically to research on The Combination of Japanese. Chinese and English at present. This text attempts to adopt the comparatively scientific analytical and statistical method on the basis of forefathers, carry on the overall and careful discussion to this book. In order to expect to arouse the attention from academia, offer material gists on Beijing Mandarin phonetic teaching of the Ming Zhi period in Japan.The introduction of this paper is divided into two parts to discuss: First, through study value and analysis of studying current situation to this book, prove the academia is not overall and careful enough in study on The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English at present, thus to affirm the important meaning about the research of this book; Second, to interpret the thinking and the research approach, for instance, the comparative method of the chart, statistic method ,etc.The text of this paper is divided into four chapters altogether:Chapter one, the compilation research of The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English. This chapter is divided into three parts to discuss: First, introduce The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English general conditions, author, book time, publish and historical backdrop of writing to make everybody have an overall understanding to this book; Second, describe the compiling styles objectively and analyze the intention of its compilation further; Third, introduce the mark of noting the pronunciation , emphatically introduce two marks of noting pronunciation Japanese katakana and pronunciation assists;Chapter two, the analysis of the phonetic system.This chapter is divided into three parts to discuss: analyse the characteristics of its initial consonant system, the rhyme system and the tone system. In the first two analysis, we change Japanese katakana and Chinese Pin yin into "Alphabet " according the phoneme and compare it with Chinese Beijing Mandarin carefully to conclude: It confuse the noting pronunciations of dorsal and blade—palatal, the voiceless and voiced sounds. It can't tell the differences between aspirated sound and unaspirated sound. It can't describe the blade-palatal, voiced sound, fricative correctly and can't mark completely ; They have differences between back or front and high or low of the tongue in the describing of the final of a syllable and the pronunciation of Beijing Mandarin. It stresses the characteristics of Beijing pronunciation. It uses Japanese pronunciation to describe the vowels of Beijing Mandarin. It adds semivowel y, w to describe the syllables [i] [u] [y]; In the analysis of the tone, first we introduce the writer's tone intention of the book, then to stressly discuss the continuing tone sandi of The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English and expound the understanding of Japanese and Chinese scholars to tone sandi, thus to conclude the regularity, to reveal the uncomplete tone teaching to the understand of tone sandi and neglect the voiceless teaching of Beijing mandarin, but it has possess the sense of suffixation of a nonsyllabic. This part analyzes the characteristics of its initial consonant system, the rhyme system and the tone system. One the basis of these, we discuss the trait and limitation of phonetic teaching in this book.Chapter Three, the research on phonetics teaching and some related questions in The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English This chapter is divided into two parts: First, through analyzing the Phenomena of phonetics, we induce the phonetics teaching arrangement which reflects in The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English. For example, I select katakana to note the pronunciation and use the marks of noting pronunciation to express the points of articulation and the methods of pronunciation; in the fourth tone pronunciation teaching, I illustrate the theory with examples in order to make the students understand it easily. Second, discuss the influence which Yuyan Zi'erji and Yaxiya Yanyuji brought to the phonetics teaching arrangements in The Combination of Japanese. Chinese and English, analysis the general character about Beijing Mandarin phonetics teaching of Japanese scholars in the period of Ming Zhi as well as The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English's own character of phonetics teaching.Chapter Four, the value about research on the phonetics teaching of The Combination of Japanese, Chinese and English.This chapter is divided into two parts to discuss: First, the value is reflected from the history of Beijing Mandarin phonetics teaching in this book. It affects the following TCSL(Teaching Chinese as a Second Language). teaching and drives that time's research and the subsequent research of Beijing Mandarin phonetics on the basis of carrying on forefathers' phonetics teaching on Beijing Mandarin phonetics. Second, the modern value of researching on The Combination of Japanese. Chinese and English.This book preserves the valuable materials to research the history of the TCSL(Teaching Chinese as a Second Language) phonetics teaching and provides a new angle of teaching research. The paper consults the Chinese notion ofJapanese people to find out the difficulties and the process on receiving Chinese phonetics teaching in order to promote today's Chinese phonetics teaching.The epilogue.