Research On Marxism Human Demand Theory

The issue of demand has always been a focus in the academic field. Not only is it an important element for constructing the view on value, but also it is closely related to people's daily life. For the recent decade, with the deepening of the research on humanity, the issue of human demand has received more and more attention from the theory circle. Some of the scholars point out that 'human demand' should be considered an important philosophic category, and have made special research on this issue, giving the preliminary research on some basic theoretic questions like the concept of demand and its basic characteristic, category and structure, etc. At the same time, many scholars, centering on human demand, begin to probe into the relationship between demand and the nature of humans, and the relationship between demand and society and human evolution. In addition, some people study the structure of human nature and society by starting from the structure of human demand. Thus some philosophic works come into being, pushing the theoretic research in human demand forward, and make the profile of the category of demand much clearer. However, the overall mastery on the Marxism demand theory is far from satisfactory, what is more, the study of the Marxism demand theory, owing to the lacking of historical dimension, appears as quoting out of the context. All these defects make the research on demand lose to some degree the original meaning of Marxism. Based on the research results of predecessors and the lessons from them, the article tries to interpret the Marxism human demand theory in a systematic way; to probe into the history of the Marxism human demand theory, and to discuss the value of the theory.The article consists of foreword and three parts. The three parts develop mainly from two clues. The first clue is about the social and historic research on human demand, the expression of which will be found in parts one and two. The second clue is about the research on the value of human demand and its main expression will be found in part three.The foreword briefly expresses the definitions of demand in the academic circle and then gives its own definition, that is, the demand of humans in reality who carry out the historic activities.Part one of this article develops from three aspects. First, it systematically sorts out and summarizes the classic expressions on the concept of demand; Then it expresses the position of demand theory in materialism historical concepts, that is, the human demand is the logic starting point of materialism historical concepts; finally, it probes into the current situation of the research on demand theory and raises the five main problems this article tries to solve.Part two probes into the human demand in the whole structure of the Marxism materialism historical concepts. Firstly, it defines the concept of the Marxism human demand from its nature, levels, classification, property, development mechanism, etc. Secondly, it goes deeper into the question of human demand and reveals its motivating effect in the development history of human society. Thus, it analyzes how the human demand converts into labor and into the productivity and production relationship in the social movement. It clarifies the intrinsic logic structure of the Marxism materialism historical concepts, and reveals that social history development regularity is just the human activity regularity which is driven by human demand.Finally comes part three. On one hand, it explains the theoretic value of the human demand theory; on the other hand, looking from the realistic point of view, it sets out that the people-oriented scientific development concept is the overall exploitation of social development motivating system which is driven by human demand.