Chinese "Borrowing Usage Action Measure" Words & Related Elements

"Borrowing Usage Action Measure" words compose a small category within the odem Chinese measure word system. Compared to "special active measure" words,they are less widely used; however, due to the needs of every-day language ommunication, they may be implemented as temporary measure words. They have a comparatively special function within the active measure word system.Based on abundant language facts, this paper provides a relatively careful analysis of "borrowing active measure" words. The distribution and characteristics of "borrowing active measure" words, and related parts of speech, is explored and disclosed. Outlined below are the main contents of this study:1. The distribution of"borrowing active measure" words located both before and after verbs is discussed, thus allowing identification of the common positions of such measure words within a sentence. Numerals and matching qualifiers are analyzed and compared, and their respective characteristics are explained.2. According to the mutually-dependent direct relationship between numerical expressions and core verbs, further study of the verbs which can match "borrowing active rneasure" words has been conducted. Particular attention is given to the varied positions of comparative qualifiers that correspond to "borrowing active measure"words.3. The existence of semantic differences between the format "VP+number+quantity" and "number+quantity +VP" is investigated with particular attention paid to differences in function and characteristics.4. Finally, the paper compares "borrowing" and "special" active measure words,providing further understanding on the functional differences of each in expressing concrete action and momentum.